Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Monocytes from Patients with Graves’ Disease

Nitric Oxide Production and Nitric Oxide Synthase Type 2 Expression by Human Mononuclear Phagocytes: A Review

“…However, they did measure any NO parameters. Lopez-Moratalla et al noted that Grave's disease patients spontaneously expressed NOS2 antigen in freshly isolated monocytes (152). Monocyte NOS2 antigen content was further increased by treatment of the cells in vitro with peptides from certain thyroid autoantigens (thyrotropin receptor, thyroid peroxidase, and thyroglobulin).…”

Bimodal effect of nitric oxide in the enzymatic activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in human monocytic cells

“…However, most studies of IDO inhibition were performed in monocytic models using high concentrations of NO [16][17][18], and contrary to mouse monocytes, human monocytes have a low capacity to produce NO, even after treatment with IFN-␥ plus LPS [20]. High NO output is usually produced by iNOS in human monocytes under pathological conditions [21,22].…”

Co-expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginases in different human monocyte subsets. Apoptosis regulated by endogenous NO

“…We have described iNOS induction in human monocytes, when PBMC from healthy donors are incubated in the presence of an immunomodulating 15 amino acid peptide, peptide Pa, (NVLGAPKKLNESQAV) [10] capable of activating monocytes [11], and inducing Th1 cytokine liberation [12]. We have also reported that monocytes, freshly obtained from patients with multiple sclerosis [13] or Graves' disease [14], have iNOS already expressed in a monocyte subset with high levels of HLA-DR molecule expression and exhibiting a CD16 phenotype characteristic of a state of di¡erentiation [13]; this iNOS expression depends on the liberation of Th1 cytokines, IFN-Q and IL-2 [14].…”