Induction and Maintenance of Embryogenic Characteristics of Callus of the Oil Palm Hybrid Manicoré

Abstract

Large-scale oil palm propagation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is difficult due to its unique apical meristem. In this context, micropropagation allows the multiplication of seedlings in vitro and the storage of germplasm elites. This study aimed to induce embryogenic calluses from leaves of oil palm plants in low concentrations of auxins and to observe the maintenance of these characteristics during in vitro cultivation. Calluses were induced in 0.5 cm leaf explants in Y3 culture medium supplemented with Picloram (4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) or 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 mg L-1. The callus with embryogenic appearance was subcultured and evaluated regarding maintenance of embryogenic characteristics by cytochemical analyses. The best treatment for induction of calluses was composed of 1mg.L-1 of Picloram, which led to 30% callus formation. The calluses were classified into4 types, based on color and morphology. The cells of calluses with nodular and beige appearance have embryogenic characteristics, and the embryogenic potential of the cell masses was maintained over the 20 months of cultivation. This differentiated adaptation to the protocol can allow the advance in the mass propagation of oil palm through tissue culture, indicating the importance of investigating the topics proposed by the research.

Silicion supplementation increases the in vitro regeneration of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) somatic embryos

“…The in vitro cultivation of superior genetic materials is a viable alternative to produce, on a large scale, plants with the same characteristics as the target donor (Borém, Miranda, & Fritsche-Neto, 2021;Vilela et al, 2021). Regeneration protocols, via somatic embryogenesis, have been established for E. guineensis (Corrêa et al, 2015, Gomes et al, 2015, Corrêa et al, 2016, Almeida et al, 2020.…”