Induction, Deduction, and Cyclical Movement: A Review of Qualitative Research Methods

Abstract

In Qualitative Research Methods, Hennink, Hutter, and Bailey (2011) offer readers an overview of every phase of qualitative research from formulating research questions, to participant recruitment, to writing and presenting results. In each of these phases, the authors push readers to continuously move between induction and deduction and embrace the cyclical nature of the qualitative research process.

Learning in The World Café: an empirical evaluation

“…During the analysis, we were constantly alert to the intercoder agreement and we checked our work regularly, writing memos and reflections as we progressed. The reliability of the research outcomes is partially guarded by analyst triangulation (Patton, 2011); three teachers/researchers from three different fields (human resource development, innovation management and small business management) were involved in the analysis.…”

Experiences of Posttraumatic Growth in Witnesses to the July 15 Coup Attempt in Turkey

“…Qualitative research is a method of research conducted with the participation of a limited number of people, who can gather in-depth and detailed information on any issue. Qualitative research allows for a flexible and holistic approach to the study of human behavior (Patton, 2014; Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2013).…”

“…A phenomenological design was used in the research. Phenomenological research focuses on the individual’s experience and how he or she interprets this experience (Patton, 2014). The phenomenological approach is the most appropriate pattern to work effectively with humans experiencing emotional distress (Merriam, 2009).…”

“…Purposeful sampling is a type of sampling which is widely used in qualitative researches. Purposeful sampling provides rich and in-depth information rather than generalizations (Patton, 2014; Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2013). In criterion sampling, people who meet a predetermined set of criteria are included in the study (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2013).…”

“…The researcher transcribed the voice recordings after each interviewer and began to analyze the data without cumulating. As a matter of fact, in qualitative research, data analysis is carried out simultaneously with data collection (Merriam, 2009; Patton, 2014).…”