Induction of Medicarpin Biosynthesis in Ladino Clover Callus by <i>p</i>-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid Is Reversed by Dithiothreitol

Gustine, David L.

doi:10.1104/pp.84.1.3

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moreover, certain sulfhydryl reagents stimulate the production of phytoalexins and the activation of other defense responses associated with the expression of disease resistance (11,24). Taken together these observations suggest that glutathione may play a role in mediating the response of plant cells to biological as well as physical stresses.…”

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confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is possible that in bean cells GSH may be able to cleave such linkages in an elicitor receptor and thus initiate defense gene activation in the absence of elicitor without implying a physiological role for GSH in this signal transduction pathway. Interestingly, a number of sulfhydryl reagents including p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid elicit synthesis of glyceollin in soybean hypocotyls and medicarpin in Ladino clover callus (11,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Glutathione Causes a Massive and Selective Induction of Plant Defense Genes

Wingate¹,

Lawton²,

Lamb³

1988

Plant Physiol.

325

147

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The reduced form of glutathione (GSH), when supplied to suspension cultured cells of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at concentrations in the range 0.01 to 1.0 millimolar, stimulates transcription of defense genes including those that encode cel wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins and the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic enzymes phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) involved in lignin (PAL) and phytoalexin (PAL, CHS) production. Transcriptional activation of these genes leads to marked accumulation of the corresponding transcripts, contributing to a massive change in the overall pattern of protein synthesis which closely resembles that previously observed in response to fungal elicitor. GSH causes a marked increase in extractable PAL activity, whereas the oxidized form of glutathione, constituent amino acids, or other reducing agents are inactive. Possible roles of GSH in signaling biological stress are discussed.Glutathione (y-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is a low mol wt thiol implicated in a wide range of metabolic processes (16). Functions proposed for glutathione in higher plants include: storage and transport of reduced sulfur; protein reductant; destruction of H202 in chloroplasts, and detoxification of xenobiotics including certain herbicides and pesticides (8,20). Overall, glutathione appears to play a key role in protection against oxidative damage arising from a number of stresses such as irradiation (16), heat (18), and exposure to heavy metals (10).Redox perturbations including generation of superoxide anions and lipid peroxidation appear to be a characteristic response to mechanical damage and microbial infection (4). Moreover, certain sulfhydryl reagents stimulate the production of phytoalexins and the activation of other defense responses associated with the expression of disease resistance (11,24). Taken

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confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Glutathione Causes a Massive and Selective Induction of Plant Defense Genes

Wingate¹,

Lawton²,

Lamb³

1988

Plant Physiol.

325

147

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“…3A) or that SOD activity within the bacteria and plant cells was sufficient to convert any O-to H202. Because O-in the plant cells may react with H202 produced during the oxidative In white clover callus, an induction period of up to 6 h was necessary before medicarpin levels increased (14,16). Increased rate of K+/H+ exchange, an indicator of HR, is first detected in an incompatible interaction 2 to 6 h following addition of P. syringae pv syringae to tobacco suspension cells (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the Oxidative Burst in Phytoalexin Accumulation and the Hypersensitive Reaction

Devlin¹,

Gustine²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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103

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“…and H202 have been observed in plant cells soon after elicitor treatments (Aposto1 et al, 1989;Anderson et al, 1991;Arnott and Murphy, 1991;Vera-Estrella et al, 1992) or upon * Corresponding author; fax 33-42-25-46-56. challenge with pathogens (Chai and Doke, 1987;Adam et al, 1989;Baker et al, 1991;Glazener et al, 1991;Devlin and Gustine, 1992). In addition, it has been shown that severa1 cellular redox state-modifying compounds, such as sulfhydryl reagents, are able to elicit the accumulation of the isoflavonoid phytoalexins in clover callus (Gustine, 1981(Gustine, , 1987 and in soybean (Glycine max) hypocotyls (Stossel, 1984). It is difficult to assume that there is direct biological relevance to such sulfhydryl modified groups.…”

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Involvement of Oxidative Processes in the Signaling Mechanisms Leading to the Activation of Glyceollin Synthesis in Soybean (Glycine max)

1994

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l h e efficiency of hydroperoxides (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide) and sulfhydryl reagents (iodoacetamide, p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid) as glyceollin elicitors was examined in relation to sulfhydryl oxidation, or alteration, and to lipid peroxidation, i n 3-d-old soybean hypocotyl/radicle, Glycine max. lhese oxidative events were investigated as possible early steps i n the transduction mechanisms leading to phytoalexin synthesis. Free protein sulfhydryl groups were not modified after any of the eliciting treatments, thus indicating that immediate massive protein oxidation or modification cannot be considered a signal transduction step. Unlike sulfhydryl reagents, which led to a decrease of the free nonprotein sulfhydryl group (free np-SH) pool under all of the eliciting conditions, the results obtained with hydroperoxides indicated that immediate oxidation of the np-SH is not required for the signal transduction. Moreover, elicitation with 10 mM tertbutyl hydroperoxide did not lead to further oxidation or to changes i n np-SH leve1 during the critical phase of phenylalanine ammonialyase activation (the first 20 h), suggesting that np-SH modifications are probably not involved i n hydroperoxide-induced elicitation. O n the other hand, all treatments leading to significant glyceollin accumulation were able to trigger a rapid (within 2 h) lipid peroxidation process, whereas noneliciting treatments did not. In addition, transition metals, such as Fez+ and Cu+, were shown to stimulate both hydrogen peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation and glyceollin accumulation, again emphasizing that the two processes are at least closely linked in soybean. Among the oxidative processes triggered by activated oxygen species, oxidation of sulfhydryl compounds, or lipid peroxidation, our results suggest that lipid peroxidation i s sufficient to initiate glyceollin accumulation i n soybean. This further supports the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation could be involved as a step in the signal cascade that leads to induction of plant defenses.

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Induction of Medicarpin Biosynthesis in Ladino Clover Callus by p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid Is Reversed by Dithiothreitol

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Glutathione Causes a Massive and Selective Induction of Plant Defense Genes

Glutathione Causes a Massive and Selective Induction of Plant Defense Genes

Involvement of the Oxidative Burst in Phytoalexin Accumulation and the Hypersensitive Reaction

Involvement of Oxidative Processes in the Signaling Mechanisms Leading to the Activation of Glyceollin Synthesis in Soybean (Glycine max)

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