Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis through Overexpression of ATRKD4 Genes in Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien”

Sidharta, Boy Rahardjo; Purwantoro, Aziz; Moeljopawiro, Sukarti; Semiarti, Endang

doi:10.22146/ijbiotech.15276

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The genetic transformation with AtRKD4 gene, which encode proteins with RWP-RK transcription factor and is associated to early embryogenic pattern in Arabidopsis thaliana [54], also increases the number of PLBs produced in leaves of this Phalaenopsis 'Sogo vivien' [55] and Dendrobium phalaenopsis [56] transgenic plants.…”

Section: Genus Phalaenopsis and Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Orchid Protocorm-Like Bodies: Mass Propagation, Biotechnology, Molecular Aspects, and Breeding

Cardoso

Zanello

Chen

2020

IJMS

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The process through induction, proliferation and regeneration of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) is one of the most advantageous methods for mass propagation of orchids which applied to the world floricultural market. In addition, this method has been used as a tool to identify genes of interest associated with the production of PLBs, and also in breeding techniques that use biotechnology to produce new cultivars, such as to obtain transgenic plants. Most of the molecular studies developed have used model plants as species of Phalaenopsis, and interestingly, despite similarities to somatic embryogenesis, some molecular differences do not yet allow to characterize that PLB induction is in fact a type of somatic embryogenesis. Despite the importance of species for conservation and collection purposes, the flower market is supported by hybrid cultivars, usually polyploid, which makes more detailed molecular evaluations difficult. Studies on the effect of plant growth regulators on induction, proliferation, and regeneration of PLBs are the most numerous. However, studies of other factors and new technologies affecting PLB production such as the use of temporary immersion bioreactors and the use of lighting-emitting diodes have emerged as new tools for advancing the technique with increasing PLB production efficiency. In addition, recent studies on Phalaenopsis equestris genome sequencing have enabled more detailed molecular studies and the molecular characterization of plantlets obtained from this technique currently allow the technique to be evaluated in a more comprehensive way regarding its real applications and main limitations aiming at mass propagation, such as somaclonal variation.

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Section: Genus Phalaenopsis and Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Orchid Protocorm-Like Bodies: Mass Propagation, Biotechnology, Molecular Aspects, and Breeding

Cardoso

Zanello

Chen

2020

IJMS

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“…1 Model of the zygotic elongation and asymmetric division in Arabidopsis thaliana. a YDA-signaling activation by GRD/RKD4 protein through unknown mechanism to zygote elongation (Jeong et al 2011;Waki et al 2011;Mursyanti et al 2016), and the embryo patterning activation by WRKY2 protein, which in turn activates the WOX 8/9 gene expression (Ueda et al 2011). Subsequently, WOX 2 is activated by WOX 8/9 proteins to start the embryo polarization (Breuninger et al 2008).…”

Section: Molecular View Of Abnormalities In Plant Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WOX 2 genes are expressed in the apical daughter cell of the 1-cell embryo, while the WOX 8/9 genes are expressed in the basal-cell (Breuninger et al 2008). The GRD/RKD4 works in cooperation with the WOX 8/9 genes in the establishment of embryo polarity (Jeong et al 2011;Waki et al 2011;Mursyanti et al 2016). Lossof-function of the GRD gene induces the reduction of the elongation of the zygote and abnormal early cell division (Jeong et al 2011).…”

Section: Molecular View Of Abnormalities In Plant Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protein RKD4 encoded by the GRD gene was identified in somatic embryogenic cultures inducing the embryogenic fate in somatic cells when overexpressed, and it is also expressed in ZE for pattern formation from the first division onward (Fig. 1b) (Waki et al 2011;Mursyanti et al 2016).…”

Section: Molecular View Of Abnormalities In Plant Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WOX8/9 induce the basal cell division forming the suspensor, while WOX2 induces the apical cell division developing the embryo proper (Breuninger et al 2008). Along with WOX and PIN genes, LEC, YDA and GRD are related to the morphogenetic network in ZE, and they also play an important role in somatic embryogenesis (Lukowitz et al 2004;Gaj et al 2005;Waki et al 2011;Mursyanti et al 2016). Abnormal embryo development can be caused by mutation or inactivation of the above-mentioned genes by epigenetic repression when 2,4-D is applied in artificial culture conditions.…”

Section: Alanyl-trnasynthetasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Abnormalities in somatic embryogenesis caused by 2,4-D: an overview

Garcia¹,

Almeida

Costa

et al. 2019

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

110

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Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic event where somatic cells have the ability to produce embryos without gamete fusion. It is used as a technique for plant mass propagation. It is a process that has six well defined steps such as induction, expression, development, maturation, germination and plant conversion. These steps are characterized by distinct physiological, morphological and molecular events. Although somatic embryogenesis has been established in several plant species, there remains many problems to be solved. The main problem in somatic embryogenesis is the large number of abnormal embryos produced which cannot germinate nor convert into normal plants. Abnormalities in somatic embryos (SE) can be generated by genetic or epigenetic changes in the DNA. These changes in the DNA can be influenced by external factors such as the use of plant growth regulators and mutagenic substances or stress factors applied to the plant tissue such as high and low temperatures, drought, salinity, and heavy metals. Abnormalities generated by genetic changes in the DNA are hardly reversible; however, abnormalities generated by epigenetic changes may be reversible and the abnormal embryos are able to produce normal plants in most cases. This review focuses on the identification of the main factors that can cause abnormal SE development in different plant species, suggest how SE abnormalities are related to somaclonal variations and identify which genes may be involved with embryo abnormalities. Zygotic embryo abnormalities in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants are listed with the aim to understand the main genetic mechanisms involved in embryo aberrations. Key messageThe abnormalities in somatic embryos are related to the use of 2,4-D in most of the published protocols, this sintetic auxin disrupts the endogenous auxin balance and the auxin polar transportation interfering with the embryo apical-basal polarity.

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Mutation of the VAR2 gene plays a role as one of the causes of leaf variegation in the moth orchid Phalaenopsis ‘Sogo Vivien’

Kurniawan,

Putri,

Linggabuwana

et al. 2024

Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol.

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Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis through Overexpression of ATRKD4 Genes in Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien”

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

An Overview of Orchid Protocorm-Like Bodies: Mass Propagation, Biotechnology, Molecular Aspects, and Breeding

An Overview of Orchid Protocorm-Like Bodies: Mass Propagation, Biotechnology, Molecular Aspects, and Breeding

Abnormalities in somatic embryogenesis caused by 2,4-D: an overview

Mutation of the VAR2 gene plays a role as one of the causes of leaf variegation in the moth orchid Phalaenopsis ‘Sogo Vivien’

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