Induction of Systemic Resistance in Tomato by some Abiotic Com-pounds Against Meloidogyne javanica

Abstract

The comparative of some abiotic compounds (Ascorbic acid, Citric acid, DL-Aspartic acid, Indole-3Acetic acid, Indole-3Butyric acid, DL-leucine, Gibberllic acid, L-Arginine and Sulfosalicylic acid), as resistance inducing for managing Meloidogyne javanica infecting tomato (Super strain B Australian cv.) was studied under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that all tested compounds reduced all nematode parameters compared with untreated control. Application of Citric acid caused a superior effect in the reduction percentage of J2 in soil (95.2%) followed by L-arginine (92.9%) and then Gibberllic acid (92.2%). Also, DL-Aspartic acid gave the highest effect in the reduction percentage of root galls (95.6%) followed by Citric acid and then L-Arginine acid as following (94.3% and 93.02%) respectively compared with untreated control. The treatments of L-arginine followed by Gibberllic acid were recorded the best in plant growth response of tomato plants compared with the untreated control. Tested abiotic agent inducers activators had the potential to suppress M. javanica infection through the stimulation of tomato tolerance. Most of the treatments showed a significant reduction in the percentage values of total and non-reducing sugars comparing with infected and healthy control, while Sulfosalicylic acid and Larginine recorded high amounts in total and non-reducing sugars.On the other hand, Dl-Aspartic acid, Indol-3Acetic acid and Citric acid showed a high percentage of total phenols comparing with untreated control. Among all treatments, only Dl-leucine showed a significant increment in proline comparing with untreated control and healthy control. The level of Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity increased in the treated plants compared with untreated plants.

Laboratory Evaluation of Efficiency of some Normal and Nano Amino Acids in Hatching Eggs and Vitality of J2 Second Instar Juveniles in Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne spp.

“…Furthermore, the rate of unhatched eggs for regular Arginine, Serine, and Leucine (27.67, 37.00, 67.33) after 72 hours at the same aforementioned concentration of 30% ppm had a killing rate of (72.23, 63, 67.33)% compared to the control treatment, which were (61.67,83.00,75.00) with a killing rate of (8.33,17,25)%. These laboratory experiment results are consistent with the findings of researcher [29], in their study on the use of some non-biological control factors in inducing systemic resistance against Meloidogyne javanica root-knot nematodes in tomato plants. They mentioned that Arginine, Leucine, Ascorbic acid, and Citric acid had an inhibitory effect on egg and juvenile populations in the laboratory.…”

Evaluación de cuatro bioestimulantes en la inducción de la resistencia sistémica en pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) y tomate (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) en monocultivo y cultivo asociado en invernadero

“…Thus, several authors 1,3,17 , in an extensive review of the subject, argue that the plant defence system contains a combination of physical and biochemical changes 11,18 , the former including lignification, cell wall hardening, papilla formation, the latter comprising oxidative burst, accumulation of phytoalexins and activation of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs) such as chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases and peroxidases 1,18,19 . Activation of defence responses can be achieved by treatment with biotic agents 20 , avirulent forms of pathogens, incompatible strains, in certain circumstances by virulent forms of pathogens, essential oils 17 , plant extracts, fungi 21 , bacteria 18,22 , viruses 23 , abiotic agents 24,25 and others 26 .…”