“…. system efficiency assessment) Richert et al, 2016a;Gregor et al, 2017;Iordache, 2017;Lee et al, 2017;Santos et al, 2017;Badri et al, 2018;Um et al, 2018;Gray-Hawkins et al, 2019;Hamdi et al, 2019;Kumar and Kumar, 2019;Madonna et al, 2019;Ahmad et al, 2020;Blštáková et al, 2020;Brozzi et al, 2020;Cimini et al, 2020;Gajšek et al, 2020;Gazzaneo et al, 2020;Longo et al, 2020;Miśkiewicz and Wolniak, 2020;Ramadan et al, 2020;Berrah et al, 2021;Çinar et al, 2021;El-Haouzi et al, 2021;Rupp et al, 2021;Stawiarska et al, 2021 1.2. I4.0 technologies were described through case studies on specific components, which included both implementation and trial studies, as well as their expected outcomes and limits.…”