Inertial measurement with solid-state spins of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

The current rise of quantum technology is compelled by quantum sensing research. Thousands of research labs are developing and testing a broad range of sensor prototypes. However, there is a lack of knowledge about specific applications and real-world use cases where the benefits of these sensors will be most pronounced. This study presents a comprehensive review of quantum sensing state-of-practice. It also provides a detailed analysis of how quantum sensing overcomes the existing limitations of sensordriven systems' precision and performance. Based on the review of over 500 quantum sensor prototype reports, we determined four groups of quantum sensors and discussed their readiness for commercial usage. We concluded that quantum magnetometry and quantum optics are the most advanced sensing technologies with empirically proven results. In turn, quantum timing and kinetics are still in the early stages of practical validation. In addition, we defined four systems domains in which quantum sensors offer a solution for existing limitations of conventional sensing technologies. These domains are 1) GPS-free positioning and navigating services, 2) time-based operations, 3) topological visibility, and 4) environment detection, prediction, and modeling. Finally, we discussed the current constraints of quantum sensing technologies and offered directions for future research.

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“…One of the promising research directions for improving the detection sensitivity is enhanced fluorescence detection methods. [102].…”

Section: A Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Quantum Sensing Potential for Systems Applications

et al. 2023

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“…Low-TRL (< 3) prototypes of a new class of nuclear spin gyroscopes, conceptually analogous to vapor-based NMR devices, have been recently reported. These sensors are based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond [118]- [121].…”

Section: Nmr Gyroscopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturization of Interferometric Optical Gyroscopes: A Review

Dell’Olio,

Natale,

Wang

et al. 2023

IEEE Sensors J.

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Gyroscopes are inertial sensors whose field of application is rapidly expanding. The growing interest in autonomous systems, CubeSats as well as their constellations, and unmanned vehicles is stimulating a strong interest in miniaturized gyroscopes for integration in inertial units with a volume smaller than 100 cm 3 . Some of these applications require gyroscopes that are highly immune to disturbances, especially vibrations, mechanical shocks, and radiation. In these application contexts, the use of microelectromechanical gyroscopes is often avoided in favor of sensors without moving parts, such as optical gyroscopes based on the Sagnac effect. The technology of interferometric optical gyroscopes is currently considered to be potentially capable of enabling the development of highly innovative angular velocity sensors, which are simultaneously inertial grade and miniaturized. This paper critically examines the scientific and R&D activity aimed at miniaturization of interferometric optical gyroscopes, focusing on recent results, perspectives, and physical limitations. Interferometric optical gyroscopes with dimensions similar to those of microelectromechanical gyroscopes and better performance than the latter in terms of immunity to disturbances have not yet been demonstrated, but this paper shows how this goal could be realistically achieved in the medium term through the use of integrated microphotonics. This paper compares the technology being analyzed with the competitive technologies, highlighting their strengths and limitations.

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“…[8] Sensing applications seem to be the closest ones to practical applications and at the moment cover highresolution thermometry, [9] measurements of electric [10] and magnetic [11] fields (either locally [12] or with high sensitivity), [13] magneto resonance tomography, [14] sensing of strain, [15][16][17] rotation, [18] and acceleration. [19] Utilizing a large number of color centers generally improves the sensitivity of a sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of the Efficiency of Nitrogen to Nitrogen‐Vacancy (NV)‐Center Conversion in High‐Nitrogen Content Samples

Bolshedvorskii

Тарелкин

Soshenko

et al. 2023

Physica Rapid Research Ltrs

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The nitrogen‐vacancy color center in diamond is one of the important systems in the fast‐growing field of sensing. This color center is used in both high‐resolution and high‐sensitivity sensors. However, techniques for the quick and efficient formation of NV centers are still in the development stage. Herein, a study on the influence of the electron irradiation dose on the conversion of substitutional nitrogen into NV− centers is presented. The study is done on diamonds that are highly enriched with nitrogen (≈100 ppm), which, on one hand, should maximize the effect of irradiation, and, on other hand, be of interest for high‐sensitivity magnetometers. The maximum achieved conversion efficiency is as high as 37% ± 3.7%, with no observed saturation on the electron dose even with the simplest annealing procedure. The measurements of the corresponding dephasing time made it possible to make a theoretical estimate for the shot‐noise‐limited magnetic field sensitivity per unit volume of diamond to be roughly ≈ 1 × 10 − 13 T false[ Hz ⋅ mm − 3 false] − 1 .

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Inertial measurement with solid-state spins of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

Cited by 9 publications

References 154 publications

Exploring Quantum Sensing Potential for Systems Applications

Exploring Quantum Sensing Potential for Systems Applications

Miniaturization of Interferometric Optical Gyroscopes: A Review

The Study of the Efficiency of Nitrogen to Nitrogen‐Vacancy (NV)‐Center Conversion in High‐Nitrogen Content Samples

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