Infection prevention and control practices of ambulatory veterinarians: A questionnaire study in Finland

Verkola, Marie; Järvelä, Terhi; Järvinen, Asko; Jokelainen, Pikka; Virtala, Anna‐Maija; Kinnunen, Paula M.; Heikinheimo, Annamari

doi:10.1002/vms3.464

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Using peat as bedding might be protective whereas wood-based bedding may be a risk factor (Table S5a). Hand hygiene practices are often suboptimal at stables (38). Better hand hygiene practices at case stables may be reactive action - we did not ask about practices used before the outbreak (Table S5a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

Virtanen,

Hautala,

Utriainen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Parapoxviruses (PPV) cause skin and mucous membrane lesions in several animal species, and of the five recognized PPVs, at least three are zoonotic. Equine PPV (EqPPV) is the sixth one initially described in humans in the United States and later in a severely sick horse in Finland in 2013-2015. In 2021-2022, a large-scale pustulo-vesicular pastern dermatitis outbreak occurred in horses all over Finland. This study aimed at analysing the outbreak, identifying and describing the causative agent, describing clinical signs, and searching for risk factors. EqPPV was identified as a probable causative agent and co-infections with several potentially pathogenic and zoonotic bacteria were observed. Histopathologically, suppurative and ulcerative dermatitis was diagnosed. Due to the lack of specific tests for this virus, we developed a novel diagnostic EqPPV-PCR with sensitivity of 10 copies/reaction. Based on a large proportion of the genome sequenced directly from clinical samples, very little variation was detected between the sequences of the case from 2013 and the cases from 2021-2022. Based on an epidemiological survey, the main risk factor for pastern dermatitis was having racehorses. Approximately one third of the horses at each affected stable got clinical dermatitis, manifesting as severe skin lesions. Skin lesions were also occasionally reported in humans, indicating potential zoonotic transmission. Case stables commonly reported attendance in race events before acquiring the disease. Survey also identified differences in practises between case and control stables. Taken together, these results enable a better preparedness, diagnostics, and guidelines for future outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

Virtanen,

Hautala,

Utriainen

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using peat as bedding might be protective whereas wood-based bedding may be a risk factor (Table S5a). Hand hygiene practices are often suboptimal at stables [39]. Better hand hygiene practices at case stables may be reactive action – we did not ask about practices used before the outbreak (Table S5a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

Virtanen,

Hautala,

Utriainen

et al. 2023

Journal of General Virology

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Parapoxviruses (PPV) cause skin and mucous membrane lesions in several animal species, and of the five recognized PPVs, at least three are zoonotic. Equine PPV (EqPPV) is the sixth one initially described in humans in the United States and later in a severely sick horse in Finland in 2013–2015. In 2021–2022, a large-scale pustulo-vesicular pastern dermatitis outbreak occurred in horses all over Finland. This study aimed at analysing the outbreak, identifying and describing the causative agent, describing clinical signs, and searching for risk factors. EqPPV was identified as a probable causative agent and co-infections with several potentially pathogenic and zoonotic bacteria were observed. Histopathologically, suppurative and ulcerative dermatitis was diagnosed. Due to the lack of specific tests for this virus, we developed a novel diagnostic EqPPV-PCR with sensitivity of 10 copies/reaction. Based on a large proportion of the genome sequenced directly from clinical samples, very little variation was detected between the sequences of the case from 2013 and the cases from 2021 to 2022. Based on an epidemiological survey, the main risk factor for pastern dermatitis was having racehorses. Approximately one third of the horses at each affected stable got clinical dermatitis, manifesting as severe skin lesions. Skin lesions were also occasionally reported in humans, indicating potential zoonotic transmission. Case stables commonly reported attendance at race events before acquiring the disease. Survey also identified differences in practises between case and control stables. Taken together, these results enable a better preparedness, diagnostics, and guidelines for future outbreaks.

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“…Differences in paired C t values for qPCR internal control and SARS-CoV-2 genes were scored using paired t test. Statistical comparison of patient diagnostic parameters and ROC curves was performed by 2-sample Z test using online tool https://epitools.ausvet.com.au/ztesttwo ( 27 , 28 ). In every statistical analysis, a P value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cold Chain-Independent Specimen Collection and Transport Medium Improves Diagnostic Sensitivity and Minimizes Biosafety Challenges of COVID-19 Molecular Diagnosis

et al. 2021

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Approximately forty-four percent of the global population lives in villages, including 59% in Africa ( https://unhabitat.org/World%20Cities%20Report%202020 ). The fast-evolving nature of SARS-CoV-2 and its extremely contagious nature warrant early and accurate COVID-19 diagnostics across rural and urban population as a key to prevent viral transmission. Unfortunately, lack of adequate infrastructure, including the availability of biosafety-compliant facilities and an end-to-end cold chain availability for COVID-19 molecular diagnosis, limits the accessibility of testing in these countries.

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Infection prevention and control practices of ambulatory veterinarians: A questionnaire study in Finland

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

Equine dermatitis outbreak associated with parapoxvirus

A Cold Chain-Independent Specimen Collection and Transport Medium Improves Diagnostic Sensitivity and Minimizes Biosafety Challenges of COVID-19 Molecular Diagnosis

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