Infectious Agents

K, Waters; Gard, J. A.

doi:10.1002/9781119602484.ch58

Cited by 1 publication

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References 28 publications

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“…In this study, we observed early calving and inflammation in the reproductive tract of aborted cows as well as fetal pneumonia and premature mortality. In cows, trichomoniasis occurs after coitus with an infected bull, and the organism enters the reproductive tract within 1–2 weeks vaginally to cause reproductive disorders such as irregular heat cycle, repeat breeding, reduced pregnancy rate, and infertility [ 39 , 40 ]. In pregnant cows, T. foetus infection can provoke fetal death in the first or later trimesters, genital inflammation, and pregnancy loss with reduced calf crop as a result of early embryonic loss or abortion and decline in weaning weights due to delayed conception [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

Gharban

2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Bovine trichomoniasis, caused by Tritrichomonas foetus, is a venereal disease that is distributed in many countries, including Iraq. Compared with other abortive infectious diseases, prevalence of T. foetus is expected to be relatively low in the field by veterinarians. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of T. foetus in aborted cows by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogenetic analysis of local T. foetus isolates was documented in the National Center for Biotechnology Information as the first sequenced isolates from Iraq. Materials and Methods: Vaginal fluids were collected from 62 aborted cows and examined by PCR. Data were reported for the following parameters: Vital signs (body temperature and respiratory and pulse rates), age (<4, 4–8, and >8 years), reproductive health status (premature calving, embryonic death, pyometra, and healthy newborn), breed (pure or crossbred), type of breeding (natural or artificial), bull-to-cow ratio (1:<10, 1:10–20, and 1:>20), contact of cow with bull(s) from other farmers (yes or no), and contact with stray animals (dogs and cats). Results: A total of 20.97% of aborted cows were positive for T. foetus. Phylogenetic analysis for 10 positive local T. foetus isolates demonstrated high identity with the Thai (MN560972.2) and Chinese (MH115435.1) isolates, with an identity range of 98.8%–99.5% and 98.6%–99.3%, respectively. Clinical data showed that the vital signs differed insignificantly between cows positive and negative for T. foetus. Prevalence and risk of infection increased significantly in <4-year-old, early calving, embryonic death, crossbred, and naturally inseminated cows that had direct contact with bulls from other farmers, and contact with stray animals. Fetal pneumonia and death of premature calves were significant among positive aborted fetuses. Conclusion: Tritrichomonas foetus is highly prevalent in aborted cows in Iraq and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated an identity between the local and global isolates, that is, Thai and Chinese, of cats. Keywords: bovine-sexually transmitted disease, natural insemination, polymerase chain reaction, Tritrichomonas foetus, Wasit province.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

Gharban

2023

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Infectious Agents

Cited by 1 publication

References 28 publications

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq

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