Infectious Dacryoadenitis: A Comprehensive Review

Chronic bilateral dacryoadenitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case report

“…Dacryoadenitis can occur as either an acute or chronic condition affecting one or both lacrimal glands [ 3 ]. Acute dacryoadenitis is caused primarily by viral illnesses like Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Mumps or Varicella infection.…”

“…Acute dacryoadenitis is caused primarily by viral illnesses like Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Mumps or Varicella infection. It is a self-limited infection that usually affects the bilateral lacrimal gland [ 3 ]. The inflammation resolved spontaneously within two to four weeks [ 3 ].…”

“…It is a self-limited infection that usually affects the bilateral lacrimal gland [ 3 ]. The inflammation resolved spontaneously within two to four weeks [ 3 ]. Bacterial dacryoadenitis is a suppurative infection that causes a unilateral tender eyelid swelling with or without purulent discharge.…”

“…Bacterial dacryoadenitis is a suppurative infection that causes a unilateral tender eyelid swelling with or without purulent discharge. The causative microorganisms are primarily Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus coagulase negative and Streptococcus pneumonia [ 3 , 4 ].Other microorganisms include gram-negative bacilli, Haemophilus influenzae , and Moraxella catarrhalis [ 3 , 4 ]. Back to our patient, the chronicity of illness plus the bilateral involvement of lacrimal glands points against a bacterial infection.…”

“…In contrast to acute dacryoadenitis, chronic dacryoadenitis is caused primarily by auto-immune diseases, including Sjogren’s disease, Sarcoidosis, or IgG4-related auto-immune disorder [ 5 ]. Inflammatory dacryoadenitis presents with painless lacrimal gland swelling, which typically affects both sides [ 3 , 5 ]. The patients will also presents with systemic signs and symptoms related to the primary disease [ 3 ].If there is suspicion of autoimmune dacryoadenitis, it's recommended to conduct an autoimmune work-up that includes testing for ANA profile, C-ANCA, P-ANCA, and ACE.…”