Infectious diseases pharmacy practice, education, and research in Saudi Arabia: A review and future perspectives by the Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Specialty Network at the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy

Alsowaida, Yazed Saleh; Thabit, Abrar K.; Almangour, Thamer A.; Saleh, Khalid Bin; Mahrous, Ahmad Jamal; Almutairi, Masaad Saeed; Alshehail, Bashayer; Aljefri, Doaa; Mohrazi, Yahia; Alfahad, Wafa; Almohaizeie, Abdulah; Eljaaly, Khalid

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2022.10.014

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Once this becomes known, it should be immediately followed by strategic planning while providing pertinent recommendations involving the encouragement of antimicrobial stewardship and the improvement of overall clinical practice when it comes to the treatment of infectious diseases, as well as infection control and prevention in healthcare facilities. A recent review by a Saudi infectious diseases pharmacy group provided a comprehensive guidance on how to utilize the expertise of infectious diseases specialized pharmacists in fulfilling the 2030 vision by improving healthcare through implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and spreading awareness regarding antibiotic use [ 98 ]. Having national antimicrobial resistance data can support such efforts in achieving their goals.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Antimicrobial Resistance in Saudi Arabia (2013–2023) and the Need for National Surveillance

Thabit,

Alabbasi,

Alnezary

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a well-recognized global threat. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a report ranking the critical types of bacterial resistance that need to be monitored. Several studies from individual institutions in Saudi Arabia have reported rates of antimicrobial resistance using automated methods. However, no national surveillance study has been conducted to date using gold standard methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. This review summarizes AMR rates for major bacterial pathogens in Saudi Arabia and provides a justification for the need for a national surveillance project. In Saudi Arabia, AMR rates for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are on the rise. Surveillance studies help identify AMR trends and emergence of outbreaks. The WHO has started a program, the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS), encouraging its member states, including Saudi Arabia, to conduct antimicrobial surveillance studies to estimate AMR rates worldwide. Of the microbiological methods used to test antimicrobial susceptibility, only broth microdilution (BMD) is considered the “gold standard.” As AMR studies in Saudi Arabia are sparse, mostly limited to single centers and were conducted using automated methods, a national AMR surveillance project is needed to evaluate the current status and to inform stewardship decisions.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%