Infectious keratitis: A review

Cabrera‐Aguas, Maria; Khoo, Pauline; Watson, Stephanie

doi:10.1111/ceo.14113

Cited by 135 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Case 1 is a typical case of a CL wearer infective AK that is generally associated with inappropriate lens maintenance and exposure to tap or contaminated water sources [ 17 ]. AK is a sight-threatening condition that can lead to blindness with slow progression and can be often misdiagnosed as herpes simplex virus (HSV) or other corneal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making in Complex Corneal Disorders: The Role of In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Recchioni

Barua

Domínguez‐Vicent

2023

Life

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This study aims to describe how in-vivo confocal microscopy (ICVM) results improved diagnosis and treatment in three patients with complex corneal disorders at a single institution. Case one was a 36-year-old woman contact lens wearer referred to the hospital eye service (HES) by her community optician for a suspected corneal ulcer in her left eye. The case demonstrated that where laboratory cell culture was inconclusive, IVCM imaging improved diagnosis and more importantly adjusted the initial treatment till the complete resolution of the case. Case two was a shared-care 66-year-old keratoconus patient under a complex immunosuppression regime who had developed a recent series of post-surgical complications of fungal origin and was experiencing eye pain. IVCM was able to differentiate between an immune-mediated response and fungal keratitis and guide the clinicians towards an optimized treatment. Case three was a long-standing dry eye disease in a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with primary Sjögren’s syndrome where previous treatments failed to improve her symptomatology. IVCM was crucial for prescribing allogeneic serum eyedrops by anticipating early immune changes in the sub-basal corneal nerve plexus. In-vivo confocal microscopy can be an essential non-invasive imaging technique for improving clinicians’ diagnostic precision by adding a layer of certainty that other techniques may lack. Additionally, IVCM allows adjustment of the treatment accordingly, by instantly following any pathologic changes at the cellular level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making in Complex Corneal Disorders: The Role of In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Recchioni

Barua

Domínguez‐Vicent

2023

Life

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“…Ocular predisposing factors, such as contact lens wear, previous topical steroid use, ocular surface disease, and trauma, are main risks for infectious keratitis. 8,10 In the previous report, all cases received ceftazidime eyedrops combined with systemic antibiotics such as intravenous ceftazidime or oral amoxycillin-clavulanic acid. Subconjunctival ceftazidime injections were prescribed on alternate days to treat two cases with subconjunctival abcesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Burkholderia pseudomallei–Caused Sclerokeratitis

Thanathanee

Charoensuk

Uthairat

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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This report is on a 45-year-old male patient without underlying disease who presented with a Burkholderia pseudomallei–caused keratoscleritis in his right eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed multiple, indistinct corneal infiltrations with subconjunctival/scleral abscesses. Corneal tissue culture was positive for B. pseudomallei and confirmed by mass spectrometry. The patient was treated with fortified ceftazidime, fortified gentamicin eyedrops, and intravenous ceftazidime injection. Penetrating keratoplasty, including intracameral ceftazidime injections, was undertaken due to corneal lesion worsening. Scleral debridement with subconjunctival ceftazidime injections were undertaken due to the progression of the scleral abscess. After 2 months, the corneal and scleral lesions were inactive, and the systemic and topical antibiotics were tapered. This is the first case report of B. pseudomallei–caused keratoscleritis with photography. The patient was seen in an endemic geographical area with multiple corneal infiltrations and subconjunctival/scleral abscess. Systemic and topical antibiotics accompanied with surgery should be considered.

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“…In infectious keratitis, corneal ulcers will occur after invasion of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogenic factors into the cornea ( Cabrera-Aguas et al, 2022 ). Faik et al reported that archipelago keratitis led to a significant increase in COD ( Orucoglu et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Cod In Healthy People and Patients With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal optical density: Structural basis, measurements, influencing factors, and roles in refractive surgery

Zeng

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The cornea is the main refractive medium of the human eye, and its clarity is critical to visual acuity. Corneal optical density (COD) is an important index to describe corneal transparency. Intact corneal epithelial and endothelial cells, regular arrangement of collagen fibers in the stroma, and normal substance metabolism are all integral for the cornea to maintain its transparency. In the last two decades, the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging system has emerged as a breakthrough for the measurement of COD (also called corneal densitometry). It has been found that a wide variety of factors such as age, refractive status, and corneal diseases can affect COD. Different corneal refractive surgery methods also change COD in different corneal regions and layers and affect visual acuity following the surgery. Thus, COD has gradually become a significant indicator to evaluate corneal health, one on which the attention of clinicians has been increasingly focused.

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Infectious keratitis: A review

Cited by 135 publications

References 130 publications

Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making in Complex Corneal Disorders: The Role of In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making in Complex Corneal Disorders: The Role of In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Case Report: Burkholderia pseudomallei–Caused Sclerokeratitis

Corneal optical density: Structural basis, measurements, influencing factors, and roles in refractive surgery

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