Infective Endocarditis: A Growing Concern and Treatment Approaches: An Observational Study

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of prevailing microorganism, treatment approach, different treatment complexities and rationalize the approach for treating Infective Endocarditis (IE) patient. Material and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted from 01st January 2015 to 31st October 2019. Data was collected and after applying exclusion criterion 40 patients were selected and their available record was evaluated. To obtain the conclusive results, frequency and percentages were calculated. Results: The mean age of patient in studied group was 34.02 years with standard deviation (S.D) 13.02 years, and 65% of patients included were male and 35% were female. Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) was the prevalent microorganism found in most cases i.e; 60%. Mitral valve was mostly affected; Rheumatic heart disease was the leading factor of IE in patients. Most of the patients complained of shortness of breath and high-grade fever. Benzylpenicillin and aminoglycosides were most commonly prescribed for patients. The medication health care cost was on the higher side at about 1038 PKR/day considering all healthcare facilities provided free by the government. Conclusion: In most of the younger population active infective endocarditis remains the most prevalent disease. Rheumatic heart disease remains to be the most common underlying factor for heart disease. Overall treatment cost of therapy was found to be high due to vigorous antibiotic therapy. Keywords: Infective endocarditis, Microorganism, Rheumatic heart disease, Medication treatment, Vegetation, Staphylococcus aureus