Inflammation and Infection Imaging

Mettler, Fred A.; Guiberteau, Milton J.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-0104-9.00012-3

Cited by 19 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The absorbed thyroid dose from 99m Tc pertechnetate is approximately 1 rad/5,000 μCi (10 mGy/185 MBq). 12 The average dose given to the thyroid gland is 5 mCi (185 MBq) 99m Tc, which results in 1 rad of radiation absorption. When compared with the radiation absorbed from radioiodine, this is a negligible dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate Thyroid Scan and Uptake in Thyrotoxic Patients: Jordanian Experience

Al-Muqbel

2022

World J Nucl Med

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Objective The objective of this study was to assess our local experience with 99mTechnitium thyroid uptake (TcTU) in thyrotoxicosis by examining mean and range of TcTU in both euthyroid patients and thyrotoxic patients. We also wanted to see how well TcTU performed as a substitute for radioiodine thyroid uptake in thyrotoxicosis. Methods The medical records of thyrotoxic patients were reviewed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria were: (1) thyrotoxicosis was proven biochemically, (2) the patient underwent TcTU at the time of thyrotoxicosis diagnosis, (3) at least 6 months of follow-up, and (4) the final diagnosis was documented. All TcTU of euthyroid patients were also reviewed to determine local normal TcTU mean and range. Patients were divided into three groups: Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter, and subacute thyroiditis. Each patient group's TcTU mean and range were assessed separately. Results There were 209 patients in total (54 euthyroid, 112 Graves' disease, 26 toxic nodules, and 17 patients with subacute thyroiditis). TcTU mean±standard deviation and range for euthyroid patients were 1.5±1.1% and 0.17 to 4.8%, 10.6±10% and 0.43 to 40% for Graves' disease, 4.5±4% and 0.6 to 15% for toxic nodules, and 0.5±0.4% and 0.18 to 1% for subacute thyroiditis. Although one-third of thyrotoxic patients' TcTU values overlapped with the normal TcTU range, the diagnosis was made using qualitative image analysis. Subacute thyroiditis was characterized by poor thyroid visualization, whereas Graves'/toxic nodular goiter was well visualized. Conclusion The mean and range of our local normal TcTU were similar to those previously published. TcTU was a useful alternative to radioiodine in the evaluation of thyrotoxicosis. About two-thirds of the patients had accurate test results. The diagnosis was reached in the remaining one-third of patients by combining quantitative and qualitative image features. This method allowed us to stop giving radioiodine to our patients, resulting in a significant reduction in patient radiation exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate Thyroid Scan and Uptake in Thyrotoxic Patients: Jordanian Experience

Al-Muqbel

2022

World J Nucl Med

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“…Acute cholecystitis may be excluded from the differential if the gallbladder is visualized within 4 hours of radiotracer injection. 2 Another route that may be taken to avoid a 4-hour delay image is if there is nonvisualization of the gallbladder at 1 hour, morphine may be administered to the patient to promote visualization of the gallbladder. 1 This would occur via sphincter of Oddi contraction with ampulla of Vater closure to "divert incoming bile to the gallbladder."…”

Section: A Classic Positive Hida Scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other imaging findings that may be seen in addition to nonvisualization of the gallbladder with acute cholecystitis include the rim sign (pericholecystic hepatic activity sign) and cystic duct sign. 2 The rim sign refers to a "curvilinear band of increased activity along the right inferior hepatic edge above the gallbladder fossa," and it may be a sign of a "perforated or a gangrenous gallbladder." 2 Figure 2 shows the rim sign in a patient with acute cholecystitis.…”

Section: Editor-in-chiefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…visualization of the gallbladder, "filling defects within the gallbladder or common duct," and low gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF). 2 The cut-off for a low GBEF is different from institution to institution but varies from 33% to 40% depending on whether a fatty meal or CCK was used to stimulate gallbladder contraction. 1,2,5 Figure 7 represents HIDA scan imaging in the gallbladder contraction phase and there is a noticeable filling defect within the gallbladder that is seen starting in minutes 31 to 35 that is persistently seen through the rest of the examination.…”

Section: The Gallbladder Is Not Visualized Within the First Hour But ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The cut-off for a low GBEF is different from institution to institution but varies from 33% to 40% depending on whether a fatty meal or CCK was used to stimulate gallbladder contraction. 1,2,5 Figure 7 represents HIDA scan imaging in the gallbladder contraction phase and there is a noticeable filling defect within the gallbladder that is seen starting in minutes 31 to 35 that is persistently seen through the rest of the examination. In addition, there is continued radiotracer accumulation within the gallbladder with a lower-than-normal calculated GBEF of 27%.…”

Section: The Gallbladder Is Not Visualized Within the First Hour But ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Hepatobiliary Disease

Dominguez

Elman

Thompson

2023

Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology

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Hepatobiliary scintigraphy, or nuclear medicine imaging of the hepatobiliary system, is a routine diagnostic examination used to identify biliary pathology. It is performed most often by nuclear medicine technologists with imaging studies interpreted by a radiologist. 1 Physicians interpreting these studies must understand the indications, contraindications, and reasons for false-positives and false-negatives to accurately correlate findings with pathology. It is essential that physicians interpreting hepatobiliary scintigraphy studies understand the anatomy, physiology, and how patient preparation can impact imaging findings to best correlate findings to biliary pathology. Understanding these concepts provides the best patient care and treatment options. Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy or Ultrasound?Ultrasound is typically the first line as it provides the advantages of being a quick, cheap, and readily available VOLUME 46 • NO 11

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Radiation risks and information needs of pregnant and lactating women

Mettler

2023

Birth Defects Research

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This a historical review and current information regarding risks and effects of ionizing radiation in the context of human pregnancy and in particular the information needed for pregnant women to understand the type and magnitude of risks placing them in a realistic context. Much of our understanding comes from early animal studies but has been supported by studies of human exposure to medical radiation, radiation accidents and nuclear weapons.

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Inflammation and Infection Imaging

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Utility of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate Thyroid Scan and Uptake in Thyrotoxic Patients: Jordanian Experience

Utility of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate Thyroid Scan and Uptake in Thyrotoxic Patients: Jordanian Experience

Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Hepatobiliary Disease

Radiation risks and information needs of pregnant and lactating women

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