Inflammation and sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Nicola.Inflammation and sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Maturitas http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas. 2016.11.006 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights Sarcopenia is associated with functional impairment and adverse outcomes.  Highly inflammatory cytokines are negatively related to muscle strength and mass.  Sarcopenia is associated with higher serum inflammatory parameters.  Chronic inflammation could play a role in sarcopenia. AbstractInflammatory cytokines have been shown to prompt muscle wasting, ultimately stimulating protein catabolism and suppressing muscle synthesis. However, the possible association between inflammatory parameters and sarcopenia is poorly understood. We therefore aimed to summarize the current evidence about this topic with a meta-analysis of studies reporting serum inflammatory parameters in patients with sarcopenia vs. people without sarcopenia (controls). An electronic PubMed and Scopus search through to 09/01/2016 and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies comparing serum levels of inflammatory cytokines between patients with sarcopenia and controls was made, calculating random-effects standardized mean differences (SMDs) ±95% confidence intervals (CIs) as the effect size. Out of 1370 initial hits, 17 studies with a total of 11249 participants (3072 with sarcopenia and 8177 without) were meta-analysed. Sarcopenic participants had significantly higher levels of CRP (SMD=0.51; 95%CI 0.26, 0.77; p<0.0001; I 2 =96%) than controls. Conversely, serum IL6 levels were not significantly different (SMD=0.35; 95%CI: -0.19, 0.89; p=0.21; I 2 =97%) in people with sarcopenia versus controls. Sarcopenic people did not have higher levels of TNF-than controls (SMD=0.28; 95%CI -0.26, 0.83; p=0.31; I 2 =97%). In conclusion, sarcopenia seems to be associated with elevated serum CRP levels; future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this relationship.

Pediatric Sarcopenia: A Paradigm in the Overall Definition of Malnutrition in Children?

“…However, it is not known whether these pathways could be directly applicable to the pediatric populations. In a meta‐analysis based on the data from adults, sarcopenia was found to be associated with higher levels of serum C‐creative protein, suggesting the role of inflammation in sarcopenia etiology . Children with diseases suffer some degree of inflammation, whether chronic or acute, which could be the hallmark features in childhood sarcopenia.…”

“…In a meta-analysis based on the data from adults, sarcopenia was found to be associated with higher levels of serum C-creative protein, suggesting the role of inflammation in sarcopenia etiology. 68 Children with diseases suffer some degree of inflammation, whether chronic or acute, which could be the hallmark features in childhood sarcopenia. Consideration of the alternative use of the term "myopenia" may be warranted but awaits further investigation related to the underlying changes in skeletal muscle morphology.…”

Sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease not yet on dialysis: Analysis of the prevalence and associated factors

“…Batsis et al evaluated the prevalence of sarcopenia in the general population and observed an association between ALM adjusted for BMI and hsCRP levels [39]. In a recent systematic review and meta-analysys, Bano et al concluded that sarcopenia seems to be associated with elevated serum CRP levels, but no association was found with IL6 when compared to controls [40]. However, prospective studies with larger sample sizes involving the analysis of various inflammatory mediators will be necessary to elucidate the role of inflammation in sarcopenic CKD patients not yet on dialysis.…”

Quadriceps muscle fat infiltration is associated with cardiometabolic risk in COPD

“…For example, weight loss has specifically been associated with increased circulating levels of TNFα in COPD (Di Francia et al ., Nov). In addition, sarcopenia is associated with high‐serum inflammatory parameters (Bano et al ., Feb), and a weak leg extension strength is related to high plasma TNF‐α in COPD (Ferrari et al ., ). It is likely that the slight difference in functional capacity/physical activity and the higher level of antioxidant capacity cannot counteract the effect of systemic inflammation on endothelial function in lean patients with COPD.…”