Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Are at Increased Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study 1977–2013

Kantsø, Bjørn; Simonsen, Jacob; Hoffmann, Steen; Valentiner‐Branth, Palle; Jess, Tine

doi:10.1038/ajg.2015.284

Cited by 84 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A large recent study demonstrated that IBD patients had an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia both before and after the diagnosis of IBD. In this study, the risk of pneumonia was high even in patients with limited IBD medications, suggesting that the risk is related to the underlying alternation in the immune response and not immunosuppressive therapy itself [26]. Furthermore, IBD patients who are hospitalized for pneumonia are at an increased risk for death during the hospitalization [27].…”

Section: Pneumococcal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vaccinations in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the West

Kochar

Herfarth

2018

Inflamm Intest Dis

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Background: Patients with moderate-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are commonly treated with long-term immunosuppressive therapies involving immunomodulators such as thiopurines, biologics (anti-TNF and anti-adhesion molecules), or novel small molecules such as Janus kinase inhibitors. Summary: Some infections seen with immunosuppressive therapy in IBD are preventable with vaccines. IBD-specific immunosuppressive therapy is generally initiated by gastroenterologists. Therefore, gastroenterologists should comprehend the appropriate application of vaccines such as hepatitis B, pneumonia, and herpes zoster vaccinations. This review summarizes the current guidance for vaccinations of IBD patients in the United States. Key Message: Gastroenterologists treating IBD patients must be aware of necessary vaccination schedules in the setting of immunosuppressive therapies.

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Section: Pneumococcal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vaccinations in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the West

Kochar

Herfarth

2018

Inflamm Intest Dis

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“…Similarly, an increased frequency of tonsillectomies 210 has been reported in CD and this may be an indication of recurrent pharyngitis. A further indication of a predisposition to infection in CD comes from the demonstration that these patients are more susceptible to invasive pneumococcal infection 211 .…”

Section: The Three Phases Of Crohn’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Making sense of the cause of Crohn’s – a new look at an old disease

Segal

2016

F1000Res

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The cause of Crohn’s disease (CD) has posed a conundrum for at least a century. A large body of work coupled with recent technological advances in genome research have at last started to provide some of the answers. Initially this review seeks to explain and to differentiate between bowel inflammation in the primary immunodeficiencies that generally lead to very early onset diffuse bowel inflammation in humans and in animal models, and the real syndrome of CD. In the latter, a trigger, almost certainly enteric infection by one of a multitude of organisms, allows the faeces access to the tissues, at which stage the response of individuals predisposed to CD is abnormal. Direct investigation of patients’ inflammatory response together with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and DNA sequencing indicate that in CD the failure of acute inflammation and the clearance of bacteria from the tissues, and from within cells, is defective. The retained faecal products result in the characteristic chronic granulomatous inflammation and adaptive immune response. In this review I will examine the contemporary evidence that has led to this understanding, and look for explanations for the recent dramatic increase in the incidence of this disease.

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“…This suggests that the risk of IPD in patients with IBD is related to the underlying altered immune response in these patients [11]. Also, lowest income UC patients were shown to have higher adjusted odds for influenza virus infection, and additionally H. influenzae may be another cause for pneumonia among IBD patients [12]. CMV pneumonia should always be suspected in IBD patients who present fever and tachypnea, especially if the latter is worsening and/or is associated with dyspnea.…”

Section: Pulmonary Infections In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between the Lungs and the Gut in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Triantafyllakis¹,

Giagkou²,

Malakos³

et al. 2017

Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis

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Pulmonary involvement seems to be a more frequent extraintestinal manifestation of IBD than thus far supposed. In IBD, the respiratory involvement may include a wide range of pathologies. The patients with IBD are in high risk of infections. The drugs used in the treatment of IBD (sulfasalazine, mesalamine, infliximab, and methotrexate) can induce pulmonary diseases as a side effect.Pulmonary function tests and high resolution CT are useful for detecting subclinical or clinical pulmonary involvement in IBD patients. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) and high-resolution CT (HRCT) showed abnormality in about one-quarter of patients with IBD. Corticosteroids, both systemic and aerosolized, are the main therapeutical approach, while antibiotics must also be administered in infections. Early identification is important as early treatment may improve long-term outcomes in these patients.

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Are at Increased Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study 1977–2013

Abstract: The risk of IPD is significantly increased both before and after diagnosis of IBD, with limited impact of IBD medications. This suggests that the risk of IPD in patients with IBD is related to the underlying altered immune response in these patients.

Cited by 84 publications

References 26 publications

Vaccinations in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the West

Vaccinations in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the West

Making sense of the cause of Crohn’s – a new look at an old disease

Crosstalk between the Lungs and the Gut in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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