Inflammatory cytokine expression in the skin of patients with postherpetic neuralgia

Cao, Song; Zhang, Dexin; Yuan, Jie; Deng, Wenwen; Wen, Song; Qin, Bangyong; Li, Ying

doi:10.1177/0300060520929582

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“… 30 The pathogenesis of PHN is complex, and there is no effective treatment. 31 , 32 , 33 Besides, studies have confirmed that early SGB can not only effectively relieve herpes acute pain but also reduce the incidence of PHN. 34 However, due to the short maintenance time after a single SGB treatment, multiple injections are generally required for maintenance treatment, which increases the risk of injection complications.…”

Section: Sgi Indications and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Stellate ganglion intervention for chronic pain: A review

Luo

Wen

Tan

et al. 2022

Ibrain

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Stellate ganglion (SG) intervention is currently widely being studied in many kinds of chronic pain. As one of the convenient ways to treat the sympathetic nervous system, the indications for stellate ganglion intervention (SGI) include complex regional pain syndrome, postherpetic neuralgia, cancer pain of different origins, orofacial pain, and so forth. SGI refers to the reversible or irreversible blocking of the cervical sympathetic trunk, cervical sympathetic ganglion, and their innervation range through noninvasive or minimally invasive treatment. Current treatment options include stellate ganglion block (SGB), SG pulsed radiofrequency, continuous radiofrequency treatment, and noninvasive SGB. In particular, SGB continues to be one of the most studied methods in chronic pain management. However, a single SGB usually provides only short-term effects; repeated SGB may result in complications such as hoarseness, light-headedness, and vessel or nerve injury. Meanwhile, the mechanism of SGI is still unclear. This review discusses the research progress of SGI methods, effectiveness, complications, and possible mechanisms in the management of chronic pain.chronic pain, pulse radiofrequency, stellate ganglion, stellate ganglion block | INTRODUCTIONChronic pain is defined as pain that persists or recurs for more than 3 months, usually accompanied by negative emotions including anxiety and/or depression. 1 Chronic pain severely affects not only physical and mental health but also places a huge economic burden on the family and society. The incidence of chronic pain is reported to be over 30% in China. 2 Current conventional methods for the treatment of chronic pain include drug therapy, minimally invasive therapy, psychotherapy, and physical therapy. 3 However, research has found that sympathetic nerves are involved in the maintenance of many kinds of chronic pain. 4 Therefore, inhibition of sympathetic hyperexcitability may improve the therapeutic effect, which may be related to the involvement of sympathetic nerves in regulating glial inflammation. 5 Among them, intervention of stellate ganglion (SG) is effective for pain in the head, face, neck, upper limbs, or upper chest. In this review, we summarize the clinical evidence available for the effectiveness of stellate ganglion intervention (SGI), and demonstrate clinical applications of SGI.

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Section: Sgi Indications and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Due to the high sensitivity of the face and the extremities to pain, these areas are at high risk for PHN 30. The pathogenesis of PHN is complex, and there is no effective treatment [31][32][33]. Besides, studies have confirmed that early SGB can not only effectively relieve herpes acute pain but also reduce the incidence of PHN 34.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stellate ganglion intervention for chronic pain: A review

Luo

Wen

Tan

et al. 2022

Ibrain

Self Cite

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Intradermal miR-16–5p targets Akt3 and reduces RTX-induced postherpetic neuralgia-mimic pain in mice

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2023

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Nerve–myeloid cell interactions in persistent human pain: a reappraisal using updated cell subset classifications

O'Brien,

Karrasch,

Huang

et al. 2023

Pain

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The past 20 years have seen a dramatic shift in our understanding of the role of the immune system in initiating and maintaining pain. Myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and mast cells, are increasingly implicated in bidirectional interactions with nerve fibres in rodent pain models. However, our understanding of the human setting is still poor. High-dimensional functional analyses have substantially changed myeloid cell classifications, with recently described subsets such as epidermal dendritic cells and DC3s unveiling new insight into how myeloid cells interact with nerve fibres. However, it is unclear whether this new understanding has informed the study of human chronic pain. In this article, we perform a scoping review investigating neuroimmune interactions between myeloid cells and peripheral nerve fibres in human chronic pain conditions. We found 37 papers from multiple pain states addressing this aim in skin, cornea, peripheral nerve, endometrium, and tumour, with macrophages, Langerhans cells, and mast cells the most investigated. The directionality of results between studies was inconsistent, although the clearest pattern was an increase in macrophage frequency across conditions, phases, and tissues. Myeloid cell definitions were often outdated and lacked correspondence with the stated cell types of interest; overreliance on morphology and traditional structural markers gave limited insight into the functional characteristics of investigated cells. We therefore critically reappraise the existing literature considering contemporary myeloid cell biology and advocate for the application of established and emerging high-dimensional proteomic and transcriptomic single-cell technologies to clarify the role of specific neuroimmune interactions in chronic pain.

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Inflammatory cytokine expression in the skin of patients with postherpetic neuralgia

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Stellate ganglion intervention for chronic pain: A review

Stellate ganglion intervention for chronic pain: A review

Intradermal miR-16–5p targets Akt3 and reduces RTX-induced postherpetic neuralgia-mimic pain in mice

Nerve–myeloid cell interactions in persistent human pain: a reappraisal using updated cell subset classifications

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