Inflammatory Stress Induced by Intraperitoneal Injection of LPS Increases Phoenixin Expression and Activity in Distinct Rat Brain Nuclei

Friedrich, Tiemo; Schalla, Martha A.; Goebel-Stengel, Miriam; Kobelt, Peter; Rose, Matthias; Stengel, Andreas

doi:10.3390/brainsci12020135

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As shown previously by our research group, both restraint stress (Friedrich et al, 2020) and immunological LPS stress (Friedrich et al, 2022) altered central phoenixin immunoreactivity. Restraint stress simulated emotional stress and caused an increase in activity and phoenixin density in several nuclei, namely the RPa, mNTS and DMN (Friedrich et al, 2020).…”

Section: Implications In Stress and Anxietysupporting

confidence: 87%

Current state of phoenixin—the implications of the pleiotropic peptide in stress and its potential as a therapeutic target

Friedrich

Stengel²

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phoenixin is a pleiotropic peptide, whose known functions have broadened significantly over the last decade. Initially first described as a reproductive peptide in 2013, phoenixin is now recognized as being implicated in hypertension, neuroinflammation, pruritus, food intake, anxiety as well as stress. Due to its wide field of involvement, an interaction with physiological as well as psychological control loops has been speculated. It has shown to be both able to actively reduce anxiety as well as being influenced by external stressors. Initial rodent models have shown that central administration of phoenixin alters the behavior of the subjects when confronted with stress-inducing situations, proposing an interaction with the perception and processing of stress and anxiety. Although the research on phoenixin is still in its infancy, there are several promising insights into its functionality, which might prove to be of value in the pharmacological treatment of several psychiatric and psychosomatic illnesses such as anorexia nervosa, post-traumatic stress disorder as well as the increasingly prevalent stress-related illnesses of burnout and depression. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of phoenixin, its interactions with physiological processes as well as focus on the recent developments in stress response and the possible novel treatment options this might entail.

show abstract

Section: Implications In Stress and Anxietysupporting

confidence: 87%

Current state of phoenixin—the implications of the pleiotropic peptide in stress and its potential as a therapeutic target

Friedrich

Stengel²

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although IP injections are easier and more convenient, IV injections allow for more consistent levels of LPS in the blood as well as faster induction of an immune response and neuroinflammation ( 33 ). Acute LPS injections in rats have shown to induce significant systemic and central inflammation, including different regions of the brain, as early as 2 hours after inoculation ( 34 , 35 ). In human studies, the typical route of LPS injection is IV as well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing organ-level immunoreactivity in a rat model of sepsis using TSPO PET imaging

Martinez-Orengo

Tahmazian²,

Lai³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is current need for new approaches to assess/measure organ-level immunoreactivity and ensuing dysfunction in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis, in order to protect or recover organ function. Using a rat model of systemic sterile inflammatory shock (intravenous LPS administration), we performed PET imaging with a translocator protein (TSPO) tracer, [18F]DPA-714, as a biomarker for reactive immunoreactive changes in the brain and peripheral organs. In vivo dynamic PET/CT scans showed increased [18F]DPA-714 binding in the brain, lungs, liver and bone marrow, 4 hours after LPS injection. Post-LPS mean standard uptake values (SUVmean) at equilibrium were significantly higher in those organs compared to baseline. Changes in spleen [18F]DPA-714 binding were variable but generally decreased after LPS. SUVmean values in all organs, except the spleen, positively correlated with several serum cytokines/chemokines. In vitro measures of TSPO expression and immunofluorescent staining validated the imaging results. Noninvasive molecular imaging with [18F]DPA-714 PET in a rat model of systemic sterile inflammatory shock, along with in vitro measures of TSPO expression, showed brain, liver and lung inflammation, spleen monocytic efflux/lymphocytic activation and suggested increased bone marrow hematopoiesis. TSPO PET imaging can potentially be used to quantify SIRS and sepsis-associated organ-level immunoreactivity and assess the effectiveness of therapeutic and preventative approaches for associated organ failures, in vivo.

show abstract

“…Electrophysiological recordings from brain slices demonstrated that phoenixin-14 reduced the interictal-like events in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus ( Kalkan et al, 2021 ), suggesting a potential role of phoenixin-14 in epileptiform activity. Recent study demonstrated that inflammatory stress induced by LPS up-regulated phoenixin expression and activity in the specific brain nuclei of SD Rats, indicating that several stressors could activate phoenixin signaling ( Friedrich et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Function Of Phoenixinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and physiological functions of phoenixin

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phoenixin is a newly discovered neuropeptide generated from small integral membrane protein 20. Phoenixin is a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor 173 (GPR173) and has been detected in central and peripheral tissues of human, rats, mice, bovine, and zebrafish. It was initially involved in regulating reproductive function by stimulating the luteinizing hormone release from pituitary cells by increasing the level of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Recently, many functions of phoenixin have been generalized, including regulation of food intake, memory, Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, inflammation, neuronal and microglial activity, energy metabolism and body fluid balance, cardiovascular function, and endocrine activity. In addition, the interaction between phoenixin and nesfatin-1 have been revealed. The present article summarized the latest research progress on physiological function of phoenixin, suggesting that it is a potential target for novel drug development and clinical application.

show abstract

Inflammatory Stress Induced by Intraperitoneal Injection of LPS Increases Phoenixin Expression and Activity in Distinct Rat Brain Nuclei

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

Current state of phoenixin—the implications of the pleiotropic peptide in stress and its potential as a therapeutic target

Current state of phoenixin—the implications of the pleiotropic peptide in stress and its potential as a therapeutic target

Assessing organ-level immunoreactivity in a rat model of sepsis using TSPO PET imaging

Regulation and physiological functions of phoenixin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About