Influence of Aging on Gastrointestinal Transit Time

Brogna, A; Ferrara, Rosario; Bucceri, A.; Lanteri, Eleonora; Crea, Filippo

doi:10.1097/00004424-199905000-00005

Cited by 76 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the fasted state, gastric motility occurs in continuity with the rest of the intestine as part of the migrating motor complex (MMC) 1. In the fed state, gastric motility is highly dependent on meal composition 1, and may be slowed by diseases such as diabetes 2, in people with high body mass index (BMI) 3 and in the elderly 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does age affect gastric emptying time? A model‐based meta‐analysis of data from premature neonates through to adults

Bonner

Vajjah

Abduljalil

et al. 2015

Biopharm & Drug Disp

124

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Purpose. Gastric emptying (GE) is often reported to be slower and more irregular in premature neonates than in older children and adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of age and other covariates on the rate of GE. Methods. The effect of age on the mean gastric residence times (MGRT) of liquid and solid food was assessed by analysing 49 published studies of 1457 individuals, aged from 28 weeks gestation to adults. The data were modelled using the nonlinear mixed‐effects approach within NONMEM version 7.2 (ICON, Dublin, Ireland), with evaluation of postnatal age, gestational age and meal type as covariates. A double Weibull function was selected as a suitable model since it could account for the typical biphasic nature of GE. Results. Age was not a significant covariate for GE but meal type was. Aqueous solutions were associated with the fastest emptying time (mean simulated gastric residence time of 45 min) and solid food was associated with the slowest (98 min). Conclusions. These findings challenge the assertion that GE is different in neonates, as compared with older children and adults due to age, and they reinforce the significance of food type in modulating GE. © 2015 The Authors. Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastric emptying profiles are often noted to be biphasic, especially after a solid and/or high‐fat meal, due to inhibitory feedback from the small intestine 1. The first phase is indicated either by a lag time 10, 11, 12 or an initial faster process 4, 12, 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does age affect gastric emptying time? A model‐based meta‐analysis of data from premature neonates through to adults

Bonner

Vajjah

Abduljalil

et al. 2015

Biopharm & Drug Disp

124

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“…Com o avançar da idade, ocorre diminuição na motilidade esofágica e colônica (BUTT et al, 1993;HOLLINS;CASTELL, 1974;KHAN et al, 1977;WADE;EVANS;LIEB, 2002), comprometimento do esvaziamento gástrico (BROGNA et al, 1999;HOROWITZ et al, 1984;SMITS;LEFEBVRE, 1996) e aumento no trânsito intestinal (ANU-RAS; LEONING-BAUCKE, 1984;WADE;EVANS;LIEB, 2002). A alteração do número de neurônios mioentéricos é um dos fatores que contribuem para o comprometimento da motilidade do tubo digestório ao longo do envelhecimento (DE SOUZA et al, 1993;EL-SALHY;SABDSTRÖM;HOLMLUND, 1999;GABELLA, 1989;GOMES;DE SOU-ZA;LIBERTI, 1997;POWLEY, 2001POWLEY, , 2007SANTER;BAKER, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito Da Atividade Física Moderada Sobre Neurônios Mioentéricos Nitrérgicos Do Íleo De Ratos De Meia Idade

Major

Clebis

Mari

et al. 2016

ArqVet

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MAJOR, J. A. de A.; CLEBIS, N. K.; MARI, R. de B.; GAGLIARDO, K. M.; GUIMARÃES, J. P.; SOUZA, R. R. de; STA-BILLE, S. R.; DIAS, N. S. de O.; GERMANO, R. de M. Efeito da atividade física moderada sobre neurônios mioentéricos nitrérgicos do íleo de ratos de meia idade. Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 18, n. 3, p. 141-147, jul./set. 2015. RESUMO:Poucos são os relatos a respeito do efeito da atividade física sobre o plexo mioentérico ao longo do envelhecimento. Portanto, analisaram-se os neurônios mioentéricos NADPH-diaforase positivos do íleo em ratos que envelheceram praticando atividade física a partir dos seis meses de vida. Dez ratos Wistar foram distribuídos em dois grupos (n = 5/grupo): S (ratos sedentários controles com 12 meses de idade) e T (ratos treinados com 12 meses de idade). Os animais do grupo T realizaram, dos seis aos 12 meses de idade, atividade física regulada conforme resultados obtidos em teste de esforço máximo. Ao final do período experimental, o íleo obtido de cada animal foi processado para a técnica de NADPH-diaforase para evidenciar neurônios mioentéricos em preparados de membrana e quantificar e mensurar a área do pericário desses neurônios. A área do pericário não diferiu (P> 0,05) entre o grupo S (218,49 µm2 ) e o grupo T (210,59 µm 2 ). A média de neurônios presente em 60 campos microscópicos de preparados de membranas no grupo S (126 neurônios) foi superior (P<0,05) a média encontrada no grupo T (93 neurônios), sugerindo que a atividade física pode inibir ou diminuir a expressão dos neurônios nitrérgicos em ratos de 12 meses de idade que praticaram atividade física desde os seis meses de vida. Os resultados quantitativos sugerem que a falta de atividade física regular propicia aumento na atividade dos neurônios nitrérgicos, contribuindo para o surgimento dos distúrbios da motricidade gastrointestinal que podem ocorrer ao longo do envelhecimento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Corrida em esteira. Exercício físico. Intestino. NADPH-diaforase. Plexo mioentérico. THE EFFECT OF MODERATE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON MYOENTERIC NITRERGIC NEURONS IN THE ILEUM OF MIDDLE-AGED RATSABSTRACT: There are only a few reports on the effect of physical activity in the myoenteric plexus throughout the aging process. For such, the positive myoenteric NADPH-diaphoresis neurons in the ileum of those rats that aged practicing physical activity from the sixth month were analyzed. Ten Wistar rats were distributed into two groups (n= 5/group): S (12 months-old control sedentary rats) and T (12 months-old trained rats). The animals from the T group practiced controlled physical activity from the age of 6 months to 12 months, according to the maximum effort test results. At the end of the experimental period, the ileum obtained from each animal was processed in the NADPH-diaphoresis technique to highlight myoenteric neurons in membrane preparations, and quantify and measure the perikaryon area from those neurons. The Perikaryon area did not differ (P>0.05) among the S group (218.49 µm 2 ) and the T group (210.59 µm 2 ). T...

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“…Some authors reported that in the aging process many changes can occur in the digestive system, such as, decreasing of esophagus motility (Butt et al 1993) and consequently decreasing of bacterial colonies (Madsen 1992), delayed gastric depletion (Brogna et al 1999) and increasing of intestinal transit (Anuras and Leoning-baucke 1984). During the entire process of aging can be observed from changes lighter in the gastrointestinal tract, such as constipation, even more serious conditions such as intestinal obstruction (Shamburek and Farrar 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of caloric restriction in the myenteric neuronal plasticity in aging rats

Pereira

Mari

Stabille

et al. 2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Aging is a biologic process characterized by progressive damage of structures and functions of organic systems. In gastrointestinal tract, it can involve enteric nervous system, which plays an important role in digestion and absorption of nutrients, causing hastening of intestinal transit thus reducing its absorptive function. Caloric restriction has been used in several studies with the intention of delaying deleterious effects of aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of caloric restriction on myenteric neurons of ileum by aging in rats. 30 Wistar rats were grouped as follows: GI (animals aged 6 months fed with normal diet), GII (animals aged 18 months fed with normal diet) and GIII (animals aged 18 months subject to 31% of caloric restriction). The rats of the GI group were euthanized at 6 months of age and after experimental period of 12 months animals of the group GII and GIII were euthanized, the ileum of all groups were collected, measured and processed by NADPH-dp and Acetylcholinesterase. Quantitative analysis of neurons revealed that aging promotes the increasing of myenteric neurons NADPH-dp and reduces Acetylcholinesterase neuronal population. However, in the cellular profile area, were not observed significant differences between the groups. The caloric restriction has been efficient and can be used preventively because it minimizes quantitative changes associated with aging on ileum myenteric plexuses.

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Influence of Aging on Gastrointestinal Transit Time

Abstract: Delayed gastric emptying of solid foods could result from progressive autonomic nerve dysfunction occurring with aging. The stomach does not seem to be the segment of the digestive tract that is primarily responsible for the alteration of total GI time.

Cited by 76 publications

References 11 publications

Does age affect gastric emptying time? A model‐based meta‐analysis of data from premature neonates through to adults

Does age affect gastric emptying time? A model‐based meta‐analysis of data from premature neonates through to adults

Efeito Da Atividade Física Moderada Sobre Neurônios Mioentéricos Nitrérgicos Do Íleo De Ratos De Meia Idade

Benefits of caloric restriction in the myenteric neuronal plasticity in aging rats

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