Influence of device deposition techniques on the process optimization of CdZnTe thin-film matrix using charge-based analysis

Investigation of charge and current dynamics in PVA–KOH gel electrolyte-based supercapacitor

“…Q-DLTS is the charge relaxation technique based on the measurement of transients produced during discharge time interval followed by required charging potential [48][49][50]. In our case, we have intentionally subjected the PVA electrolyte at ground zero potential and applied 1 V charging bias to the xyplane for a limited duration of * 10 ms. After this duration, the applied bias was removed and the device reduced its potential from 1 V to the ground zero in a time duration known as ''Discharge time.''…”

CdZnTe thin films as proficient absorber layer candidates in solar cell devices: a review

“…In the glow discharge process, a chemical reaction is initiated in the gas phase, which creates a glow discharge of the reactant gas, and consequently the source material is deposited on the substrate. 48,51,52 In the physical route, various deposition techniques include electron-beam vacuum evaporation, [53][54][55][56][57][58][59] resistive heating-based thermal evaporation, [60][61][62] sputtering, [63][64][65][66][67][68][69] molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), 70,71 pulsed laser deposition (PLD) 72,73 and close-space sublimation (CSS). [74][75][76][77][78][79] The thermal evaporation technique is a vapor deposition technique following the physical route for the deposition of thin films.…”

“…61 The influence of the deposition technique on the physical properties of CdZnTe films was investigated, where CdZnTe layers were grown employing the electron beam and resistive heating techniques at a substrate temperature of 25 °C. 62…”

“…67,101–103 Moreover, the Zn content chosen for the fabrication of ternary composites of Cd, Zn and Te also impacts the physical properties of CdZnTe thin films and needs to be further explored depending on the desired application. 62,104…”

“…61 The influence of the deposition technique on the physical properties of CdZnTe films was investigated, where CdZnTe layers were grown employing the electron beam and resistive heating techniques at a substrate temperature of 25 1C. 62 3.1.3 Sputtering. Sputtering is another physical vapor deposition technique, in which when the energetic beam of ions collides with the surface of the source material, atoms/ molecules are ejected from the surface by momentum transfer due to the bombardment of high energy ions/electrons and transferred to the substrate, resulting in the formation of a thin film.…”