Influence of differently processed yeast (Kluyveromyces fragilis) on feed intake and gut physiology in weaned pigs

Abstract

Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effects of hydrolyzed (HY) or non-hydrolyzed (NHY) yeast (Kluyveromyces fragilis) in isoenergetic and isonitrogeneous diets in the postweaning period. In experiment 1, a total of 550 unsexed pigs (6.5 ± 0.5 kg BW), weaned at 24 ± 2 d of age, were allocated to five treatment groups, receiving either a control diet (CON) or diets with 1%, 3%, and 5% HY (groups HY1, HY3, and HY5, respectively), or a diet with 3% NHY (group NHY3). In experiment 2, a total of 48 male and female pigs (6.2 ± 0.3 kg BW, weaned at d 25) were allocated to three dietary groups (n = 8 replicates with two pigs) receiving a control diet (CON) or diets with 1% NHY or 1% HY. Eight animals were sacrificed 2 wk after weaning for histological investigations in the jejunum and colon, determination of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of CP and ether extract (EE), and electrophysiological measurements in the jejunal tissue after addition of carbachol or l-glutamine using Ussing chambers. In experiment 1, different treatments had no significant effect on pig performance, but diet HY1 tended to increase ADG and G:F in wk 2 after weaning (P< 0.1). In experiment 2, diet HY1 increased feed intake in wk 2 (P < 0.05), whereas NHY yeast had no effect on feed intake. Villus height, villus/crypt ratio in jejunum (P < 0.05), and crypt depth in colon (P < 0.01) were increased in group HY1. Crypt depth in jejunum and small intestinal length were not affected by different treatments. The AID of CP and EE tended to increase in group HY1 (P < 0.1) compared with groups CON and NHY. In the Ussing chamber experiments, no changes in basal electrophysiological parameters were observed, and the reactions of the treatment groups to carbachol and l-glutamine were comparable. ADFI was positively correlated with different parameters of intestinal morphology (villus height, villus/crypt ratio, crypt depth in colon, length of small intestine), AID of CP, EE, and performance. The results suggest that a supplementation of 1% HY based on K. fragilis to pig diets may positively influence ADFI and intestinal morphology in pig in the early postweaning period (d 1 to 14).

Effect of supplementation with brewer&apos;s yeast hydrolysate on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood profiles and meat quality in growing to finishing pigs

“…Our results are supported by Keimer et al [6] that the digestibility of CP and E tended to increase in 1.0% hydrolyzed yeast group. We speculate that the healthy morphology of the intestine was improved by diet with added YH.…”

“…We speculate that the healthy morphology of the intestine was improved by diet with added YH. Håkenåsen [11] researched that fecal DM was linearly increased after adding levels of yeast, meanwhile, Keimer et al [6] showed that weaned pigs had significantly increased villus height, villus/crypt ratio in jejunum, and reduced crypt depth in the colon when fed a diet with added 1% hydrolyzed yeast. Carlson [27] has more detailed observations that after being fed a yeast diet, nursery pigs had shorter crypt depths which means that fewer cells were migrating to the villus to ad digestion and absorption.…”

CARACTERIZAÇÃO ANATÔMICA E HISTOQUÍMICA DA LÂMINA FOLIAR DE Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton

“…There are few studies on the adsorption of AFB 1 using yeast CW (JOANNIS CASSAN et al 2011). YIANNIKOURIS et al (2006) found that 6177 µg/mL were adsorbed per 100 µg/mL of CW. PEREYRA et al (2012) studied the adsorption of AFB 1 with CW of commercial yeasts applying mathematical models to explain the type of interaction of the toxin with the adsorbent that occurred.…”

“…DEVEGOWDA and CASTALDO (2000) explained that the interaction of AFB 1 with the CW is from mannan glucans through hydrogen bonds. YIANNIKOURIS et al (2006) showed that the interaction with mycotoxins is due to the helical conformation of 1-3 β glucans in the complexation of ZEN, AFB 1 , DON and PAT. The 1-3 β glucans participate in Van der Waals unions and hydrogen bonds, while 1-6 β glucans strengthen Van der Waals unions and stabilize the interaction.…”

“…Albuquerque UP (2006). Re-examining hypotheses concerning the use and knowledge of medicinal plants: a study in the Caatinga vegetation of NE Brazil.…”