Influence of pH-dependent aquatic toxicity of ionizable pharmaceuticals on risk assessments over environmental pH ranges

Boström, Marja L.; Berglund, Olof

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.040

Cited by 69 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the present study, because of the limits set by the pH tolerance and buffer sensitivity of D. magna and the use of only three pH levels, the correlations between the log-transformed acute toxicity (ln EC50/LC50) and pH could not be statistically analyzed. The pH-dependent aquatic toxicities of ionizable compounds have been of concern345610, because these values affect risk assessment. In addition to the acute toxicity, the same total concentration of zwitterionic tetracycline in ambient solution can evoke very different expressions of the antibiotic resistance gene in the exposed bacteria due to differential antibiotic uptake at different pH values20.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The categories of chemicals that have a greater tendency to be ionizable include pharmaceuticals and some classes of pesticides12. The dependence on pH of the toxicity and bioconcentration of ionizable organic compounds to organisms has been observed in many studies3456. This dependence greatly influences the estimation of the toxicity and bioconcentration of ionizable organic compounds because the pH of natural waters fluctuates from 6 to 97.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Thus, risk assessment of ionizable pollutants in aquatic systems has been a great challenge8. Some researchers have advised using site-specific risk assessments for ionizable pharmaceuticals when making informed water management decisions69. Xing, et al 10.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Some models to predict the bioconcentration and toxicity of ionizable compounds based on pKa and the octanol-water partitioning coefficient, Kow or log P, have been developed61112. However, there is no direct chemical method to predict the toxicity of ionizable organic compounds.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Estimation of the toxicity of sulfadiazine to Daphnia magna using negligible depletion hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction independent of ambient pH

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The toxicity of ionizable organic compounds to organisms depends on the pH, which therefore affects risk assessments of these compounds. However, there is not a direct chemical method to predict the toxicity of ionizable organic compounds. To determine whether hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) is applicable for this purpose, a three-phase HF-LPME was used to measure sulfadiazine and estimate its toxicity to Daphnia magna in solutions of different pH. The result indicated that the sulfadiazine concentrations measured by HF-LPME decreased with increasing pH, which is consistent with the decreased toxicity. The concentration immobilize 50% of the daphnids (EC50) in 48 h calculated from nominal concentrations increased from 11.93 to 273.5 mg L−1 as the pH increased from 6.0 to 8.5, and the coefficient of variation (CV) of the EC50 values reached 104.6%. When calculated from the concentrations measured by HF-LPME (pH 12 acceptor phase), the EC50 ranged from 223.4 to 394.6 mg L−1, and the CV decreased to 27.60%, suggesting that the concentrations measured by HF-LPME can be used to estimate the toxicity of sulfadiazine irrespective of the solution pH.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Estimation of the toxicity of sulfadiazine to Daphnia magna using negligible depletion hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction independent of ambient pH

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Thus observed nonmonotonic response can be associated to general toxicity mechanisms occurring at high concentrations. Nevertheless, caution has to be paid when comparing toxicity across studies since factors such as pH and enantionespecificity can affect the toxicity of the studied pharmaceuticals (Boström and Berglund, 2015;Stanley et al, 2007;Stanley et al, 2006) Most pharmaceutical treatments also delayed reproduction although only propranolol did so significantly. In growing populations the timing of reproduction (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low environmental levels of neuro-active pharmaceuticals alter phototactic behaviour and reproduction in Daphnia magna

2016

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The effects of antidepressants appear to be rapid and at environmentally relevant concentrations

Ford

Fong

2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

105

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The effects of antidepressants on wildlife are currently raising some concern because of an increased number of publications indicating biological effects at environmentally relevant concentrations (<100 ng/L). These results have been met with some scepticism because of the higher concentrations required to detect effects in some species and the perceived slowness to therapeutic effects recorded in humans and other vertebrates. Because their mode of action is thought to be by modulation of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, aquatic invertebrates that possess transporters and receptors sensitive to activation by these pharmaceuticals are potentially affected by them. The authors highlight studies on the effects of antidepressants, particularly on crustacean and molluskan groups, showing that they are susceptible to a wide variety of neuroendocrine disruptions at environmentally relevant concentrations. Interestingly, some effects observed in these species can be observed within minutes to hours of exposure. For example, exposure of amphipod crustaceans to several selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can invoke changes in swimming behavior within hours. In mollusks, exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can induce spawning in male and female mussels and foot detachment in snails within minutes of exposure. In the light of new studies indicating effects on the human brain from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors using magnetic resonance imaging scans, the authors discuss possible reasons for the discrepancy in former results in relation to the read-across hypothesis, variation in biomarkers used, modes of uptake, phylogenetic distance, and the affinity to different targets and differential sensitivity to receptors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:794-798. #

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Influence of pH-dependent aquatic toxicity of ionizable pharmaceuticals on risk assessments over environmental pH ranges

Cited by 69 publications

References 20 publications

Estimation of the toxicity of sulfadiazine to Daphnia magna using negligible depletion hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction independent of ambient pH

Estimation of the toxicity of sulfadiazine to Daphnia magna using negligible depletion hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction independent of ambient pH

Low environmental levels of neuro-active pharmaceuticals alter phototactic behaviour and reproduction in Daphnia magna

The effects of antidepressants appear to be rapid and at environmentally relevant concentrations

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