Influence of preconditioning temperatures and neuropeptides on metabolic and endocrine responses of rats in the heat / by Andrea Rose Gwosdow.

Gwosdow, A. R.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43347

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(196 reference statements)

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“…Altered pituitary responsiveness to hypothalamic releasing factors has also been reported in PVN-lesioned rats (35). Although rat and mouse pituitary contains IL-1 receptors and IL-1 has a stimulatory effect on AtT20 cells (40), normal pituitary tissue seem to be insensitive to IL-I, in terms of ACTH release. Disruption of hypothalamic inputs (by PVN-lesion or other manipulations) could result in changes in IL-1 receptor density and/or affinity and post-receptor events in the pituitary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Differential Dependence of ACTH Secretion Induced by Various Cytokines on the Integrity of the Paraventricular Nucleus

Kj¹,

1995

J Neuroendocrinology

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Effect of different cytokines, human recombinant interleukin-1 alpha and beta (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) on adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion was compared in sham-operated rats and those with lesions of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. IL-1 alpha was less active than IL-1 beta in stimulating ACTH in sham-operated rats. Intravenous injection of IL-1 beta in sham-operated animals resulted in a rapid elevation of ACTH secretion. Five days after surgical lesion of the paraventricular nucleus, the main hypothalamic source of hypophysiotropic corticotropin-releasing factor-41, the response to IL-1 beta was attenuated but not abolished. This suggests involvement of extra-paraventricular releasing factors in mediation of ACTH-releasing activity of IL-1 beta, altered responsiveness of pituitary to CRFs, and/or direct action of IL-1 beta on the corticotrope cells. TNF resulted in a biphasic stimulation of ACTH concentration, with peaks at 15 min and 90 min. In paraventricular-lesioned, TNF injected rats both of these ACTH peaks disappeared, suggesting that CRFs from the paraventricular origin mediates ACTH-inducing activity of TNF. IL-6 elevated ACTH secretion much later than the other intravenously injected cytokines, the peak was at 1 h in sham-lesioned rats. Paraventricular lesion completely prevented the increase of ACTH plasma levels after IL-6 injection. These data suggest that: (1) Effect of TNF and IL-6 on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis is mediated through the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and (2) IL-1 beta is able to release ACTH even in the absence of hypothalamic drive.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Differential Dependence of ACTH Secretion Induced by Various Cytokines on the Integrity of the Paraventricular Nucleus

Kj¹,

1995

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…But comfort is also influenced by tactile perceptions resulting from contact interactions between the moisture, the fabric surface, and the skin. Studies [ 8,12 ] have demonstrated that an altered contact behavior of fabric against the skin is responsible for uncomfortable feelings when moisture builds up on the fabric surface, in the microclimate, and on the skin. Gwosdow et al [ 8 ] studied the relationship between changes in room conditions and skin-fabric friction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies [ 8,12 ] have demonstrated that an altered contact behavior of fabric against the skin is responsible for uncomfortable feelings when moisture builds up on the fabric surface, in the microclimate, and on the skin. Gwosdow et al [ 8 ] studied the relationship between changes in room conditions and skin-fabric friction. They demonstrated that the frictional force required .for fabric to move against sweating skin (resulting from a high room temperature and humidity) was much higher than for movement against dry skin, i.e., as skin wetness increased, frictional force also increased.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modifications of chemical (hygroscopicity and hydrophilicity ) and physical characteristics (thickness, porosity, and surface dimensions) of textiles may change the fabrics' behavior in terms of moisture and heat transfer and thus the wearer's perception of comfort. Although the effects of chemical finishes on comfort characteristics have been reported Ill,22 ] , few studies [ 7,8, 20 describe how the moisture and heat transfer properties of clothing are affected by the application of a breathable waterproof treatment using a semipermeable or hydrophillic membrane. Studies that focused on the comfort performance of protective clothing often used multifabric layers and breathable waterproof finishes, but these studies were limited in providing explanations of the moisture and heat transfer mechanisms of functional clothing systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Moisture Vapor Transfer Through Textiles

Kim

1999

Textile Research Journal

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This study investigates the influence of semipermeable functional films on the sur face vapor pressure and temperature of fabric-film-fabric assemblies. The film added between two fabric layers affects vapor pressure and temperature changes on both surfaces of the assembly under simulated body-clothing conditions. The physical char acteristics of films greatly influence the level of transient, comfort-related variables such as changes of inner surface vapor pressure and temperature. Mixed cotton and polyester layers of a film reveal that the film can negatively affect moisture sorption of the assembly, not only by blocking the air spaces for moisture diffusion, but more importantly, by ineffective heat dissipation from the cotton inner fabric for continued moisture sorption. Using film and fabric assemblies, this study reinforces the interde pendence of moisture sorption and temperature barrier effects during dynamic moisture transfer through clothing assemblies. Fiber hygroscopicity of the layered fabrics and physical properties of breathable waterproof film are more important than the hygro scopicity of film in determining comfort performance of multilayer functional clothing in transient conditions.

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Influence of preconditioning temperatures and neuropeptides on metabolic and endocrine responses of rats in the heat / by Andrea Rose Gwosdow.

Abstract: for his patience, support and valuable advice in the planning and execution of this significant, original and independent research project. The guidance, cooperation and assistance of members of her committee, Drs.

Cited by 2 publications

References 95 publications

Differential Dependence of ACTH Secretion Induced by Various Cytokines on the Integrity of the Paraventricular Nucleus

Differential Dependence of ACTH Secretion Induced by Various Cytokines on the Integrity of the Paraventricular Nucleus

Dynamic Moisture Vapor Transfer Through Textiles

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