Influence of Roof Windows Area Changes on the Classroom Indoor Climate in the Attic Space: A Case Study

Abstract

Windows are a complex part of building design and provide a considerable benefit, including to school buildings. For the evaluation of the daylighting conditions prevailing in classrooms, the daylight factor (DF) was considered as the most appropriate parameter for indicating the quantity of admitted daylight. The DF values and CIE overcast sky were calculated using Velux Daylight Visualizer 3 software. The task of the paper is to compare various roof window openings in relation to the level of daylight in the attic, looking to optimize the use of the attic for teaching. The indoor air temperature has a general influence on comfort in the interior, in addition to daylight. In winter, the situation is not critical. The thermal insulation properties of packaging structures are sufficient. The situation is worse in summer, due to the fact that the heat-storage properties are undersized and there is excessive overheating of the indoor air. Four variants of roof windows and their influence on the overall microclimate in the attic are compared. The variant without roof windows is a suitable solution with regard to minimum overheating, but the worst situation for daylight. In order to receive even more light from the window (by moving windows to the top of the roof), we can use variant 2. Based on a combination of daylight calculations and summer temperature, a graphical dependence on window size prediction in terms of top and combined lighting is derived. This was hypothesized without shading the windows. Of course, the shading elements of these windows or cooling are expected in the summer. Finally, the energy required for cooling is compared depending on the size of the windows and achievement of the permissible temperature.

The Synergy of Living and Water Wall in Indoor Environment—Case Study in City of Brno, Czech Republic

“…Achieving the required thermal comfort in the building is essential for meeting the needs of occupants and the satisfaction level of indoor environmental quality. Although the greater emphasis is placed on achieving a satisfactory air temperature [64], it is equally important to achieve a satisfactory indoor humidity level, which consumes about 10-15% of the total energy consumed by the building [65]. Low or high levels of humidity in the building are associated with various sick building symptoms, bacteria, fungi, and virus risk.…”

Overheating in the Attic Space Classroom in Summer

“…It will be created above the existing floor of the original building. The content of the article follows on from [1], where the authors tried to find out and describe the influence of the size of roof windows, on the indoor climate of the attic. Assuming an adequate design of the heating system and the thermal insulation properties of the used dividing structures, an acceptable climate and well-being can be achieved in the attic during the winter.…”

SSP-JCE Volume 17

“…As a result, there is a greater need for energy for cooling [5]. Therefore, several studies focus on optimizing and reducing energy consumption for cooling spaces, for example by using different ventilation strategies [6], including the natural ventilation between buildings [7] but also by using intelligent shading, progressive glass systems, or appropriate orientation to the cardinal points [8]. This is also related to room daylight, which has a significant impact on the quality of the indoor environment [9].…”