Influence of rutin and its combination with metformin on vascular functions in type 1 diabetes

Abstract

The present work examined the effect of oral administration of rutin and its combination with metformin, an antidiabetic drug on blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides level and vascular function in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were rendered diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg). Rutin and metformin were orally administered to diabetic rats at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively, for 4 weeks. Plasma analysis was conducted to determine changes in the plasma glucose and lipid levels. Rat aortic ring reactivity in response to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine, ACh) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) relaxants, and to the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (PE) were recorded. Histology of pancreas, liver and kidney were evaluated. In results, rutin and metformin alone and in combination has led to significant improvements in blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to diabetic group. Diabetic aortic rings showed significantly greater contraction in response to PE, and less relaxation in response to ACh and SNP. Treatment with rutin and metformin in combination significantly reduced PE-induced contraction and increased ACh-induced and SNP-induced relaxation in diabetes when compared to rutin or metformin alone. Significant histological improvements were seen with combination therapy. In conclusion, rutin and metformin combination therapy has the most potentiality for restoring blood glucose and lipid level as well as vascular function.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,4-Dihydropyridine–Indole as a Potential Antidiabetic Agent via GLUT4 Translocation Stimulation

“…The results indicated that treatment with compound 19 caused a decline in blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats at various time intervals. Metformin was taken as a positive control and tested at a reported dose of 300 mg/kg. − The data indicate that compound 19 exerted a significant decrease in blood glucose levels with a percent decrease of around 21.6% ( P < 0.01) after 5 h of treatment in STZ-induced diabetic rats, at an arbitrary dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight. However, treatment with metformin at 300 mg/kg demonstrated a 61.9% ( p < 0.001) reduction in the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats after 5 h. Importantly, the biological effect of compound 19 seemed to be modest in comparison to metformin.…”