Influence of silane coupling agents on the rheological behavior of hemp fiber filled polyamide 1010 biomass composites in molten state

Nishitani, Yosuke; Hasumi, Megumi; Kitano, Takeshi

doi:10.1063/1.4918425

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…where A is the constant value, R is the gas constant, and η was replaced by |η*| [42,56]. The apparent activation energy E a of VGCF/PA66 composites is listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Temperature Dependencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological Properties of Carbon Nanofiber-Filled Polyamide Composites and Blend of these Composites and TPE

Nishitani¹,

Kitano²

2016

Viscoelastic and Viscoplastic Materials

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For the purpose of developing new engineering materials with sufficient balance among mechanical, electrical, processability, triboloical properties, etc., in this study, we investigated the dynamic viscoelastic properties of carbon nanofiber (CNF) filled polyamide (PA) composites and the blend of these composites and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) in the molten state, which were mainly obtained in our previous studies. It was found that vapor grown carbon fiber (vapor grown carbon fiber) has a stronger influence on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of the composites in the molten state. Rheological percolation thresholds seem to exist between 1vol.% and 5vol. % of VGCF contents. On the other hand, the effect of the addition of TPE (styreneethylene/butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS) and maleic anhydride grafted SEBS (SEBSg-MA)) on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of VGCF/PA6 composites in the molten state differed at each viscoelastic value. It was clarified that the dynamic viscoelastic properties of VGCF/PA6/SEBS-g-MA ternary composites are higher than those of VGCF/PA6/SEBS ones. Furthermore, the influence of processing sequences on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of VGCF/PA6/SEBS-g-MA composites in the molten state differed according to the mixing steps of materials. These may be attributed to the change in the internal structure caused by addition of TPE, type of SEBS and processing sequences.

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“…where A is the constant value, R is the gas constant, and η was replaced by |η*| [42,56]. The apparent activation energy E a of VGCF/PA66 composites is listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Temperature Dependencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the δ-|G*| curves of VGCF/PA66 composites demonstrate remarkable solid-like behavior with increasing V f . The |G*| d-min , which is a plateau modulus, is determined by the complex modulus of minimum value of δ in δ-|G*| curves[56]. The influence of volume fraction of VGCF on the |G*| d-min of VGCF/PA66 composites is shown inFigure 9.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rheological Properties of Carbon Nanofiber-Filled Polyamide Composites and Blend of these Composites and TPE

Nishitani¹,

Kitano²

2016

Viscoelastic and Viscoplastic Materials

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“…In previous studies, we investigated the thermal, rheological, mechanical and tribological properties of hemp fiber (HF) reinforced plant-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010) biomass composites (HF/PA1010) to develop new engineering materials and tribomaterials made of 100% inedible plant-derived materials [ 7 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Hemp fiber is a bast fiber crop and an annual plant that grows in temperate climates [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As castor oil is not used for food, there is no competition with human food production. It was found that the addition of HF, the surface treatment of HF such as alkali treatment by NaOH, and the surface treatment by aminosilane coupling agent, have strong influences on the thermal, rheological, mechanical and tribological properties of HF/PA1010 biomass composites [ 7 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In particular, the effect of surface treatment on these properties of HF/PA1010 biomass composites differs according to whether alkali treatment by NaOH is performed on the aminosilane coupling agent uses or not [ 8 , 40 , 45 , 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on Tribological Properties of Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Plant-Derived Polyamide 1010 Biomass Composites

2017

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Abstract:We have studied the effects of silane coupling agents used for the surface treatment of fiber on the tribological properties of hemp fiber (HF) reinforced plant-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010) biomass composites. Hemp fibers were surface-treated by two surface treatment methods: (a) alkali treatment by sodium hydroxide solution and (b) surface treatment by silane coupling agents. Three types of silane coupling agents, namely aminosilane, epoxysilane and ureidosilane were used. These HF/PA1010 biomass composites were extruded using a twin extruder, and injection-molded. The mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated by the ring-on-plate type sliding wear test. It was found that tribological properties of HF/PA1010 biomass composites improved with the surface treatment by the silane coupling agent. This may be attributed to the change in the mode of friction and wear mechanism by the interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix polymer according to the type of silane coupling agent used. In particular, the ureidosilane coupling agent showed the best improvement effect for the tribological properties of these biomass composites in this study.

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“…From the slope of | *| versus 1/T plot, the apparent activation energy Ea for flow can be calculated from the Andrade's equation. The detail of this calculation method are omitted here since it is noted in the previous report 4) . Ea of various processing sequences for these composites is listed in Table 1.…”

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of processing sequence on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of ternary biomass composites (Hemp fiber/PA1010/PA11E) in the molten state

Nishitani¹,

Mukaida²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Effect of addition of plants-derived polyamide 11 elastomer on the mechanical and tribological properties of hemp fiber reinforced polyamide 1010 composites AIP Conference Proceedings 1664, 060008 (2015) Abstract. For developing the new engineering materials such as structural materials and tribomaterials based on all plantsderived materials, we investigated the effect of processing sequence on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of the ternary biomass composites: 5mm cut hemp fiber (HF) filled polymer blend of plants-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010) and polyamide 11 elastomer (PA11E) composites in the molten state. PA1010 and PA11E, which contain the polyether groups as soft segment, were made from plant-derived castor oil. The composition of the polymer blend of PA1010 and PA11E was fixed with 60/40 weight fraction. HF was surface-treated by two types of treatment: alkali treatment by NaOH solution and surface treatment by ureido silane coupling agent. The volume fraction of HF in the composites was fixed with 20vol.%. Five different processing sequences: (1) HF, PA1010 and PA11E were mixed simultaneously (Process A), (2) Re-mixing (second compounding) of the materials prepared by Process A (Process AR), (3) PA11E was blended with PA1010 (PA1010/PA11E blends) and then these blends were mixed with HF (Process B), (4) HF was mixed with PA1010 (HF/PA1010 composites) and then these composites were blended with PA11E (Process C), and (5) HF were mixed with PA11E (HF/PA11E composites) and then these composites were blended with PA1010 (Process D) were attempted for preparing the ternary biomass composites (HF/PA1010/PA11E) composites. These ternary biomass composites were extruded by a twin screw extruder and compression-molded. Their dynamic viscoelastic properties in the molten state were evaluated by oscillatory flow testing using a parallel plate type rheometer. It was found that those properties of the ternary biomass composites in the molten state are influenced so much by processing sequence. This is attributed to the change of internal microstructure of these composites such as the distribution and dispersion of HF.

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Influence of silane coupling agents on the rheological behavior of hemp fiber filled polyamide 1010 biomass composites in molten state

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Rheological Properties of Carbon Nanofiber-Filled Polyamide Composites and Blend of these Composites and TPE

Rheological Properties of Carbon Nanofiber-Filled Polyamide Composites and Blend of these Composites and TPE

Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on Tribological Properties of Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Plant-Derived Polyamide 1010 Biomass Composites

Effect of processing sequence on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of ternary biomass composites (Hemp fiber/PA1010/PA11E) in the molten state

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