Influence of source and micronization of soya bean meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and ileal mucosal morphology of Iberian piglets

Abstract

The effects of inclusion in the diet of different sources of soya bean meal (SBM) on growth performance, total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of major dietary components and mucosal ileum morphology were studied in Iberian pigs weaned at 30 days of age. From 30 to 51 days of age (phase I), there was a control diet based on regular soya bean meal (R-SBM; 44% CP) of Argentina (ARG) origin and five extra diets in which a high-protein soya bean meal (HP-SBM; 49% CP) of the USA or ARG origin, either ground (990 μm) or micronized (60 μm), or a soya protein concentrate (SPC; 65% CP) substituted the R-SBM. From 51 to 61 days of age (phase II), all pigs were fed a common commercial diet in mash form. The following pre-planned orthogonal contrasts were conducted: (1) R-SBM v. all the other diets, (2) SPC v. all the HP-SBM diets, (3) micronized HP-SBM v. ground HP-SBM, (4) HP-SBM of ARG origin v. HP-SBM of US origin and (5) interaction between source and the degree of grinding of the HP-SBM. Dietary treatment did not affect growth performance of the pigs at any age but from 30 to 51 days of age, post weaning diarrhoea (PWD) was higher ( P < 0.001) and the TTAD and AID of all nutrients were lower for pigs fed the R-SBM diet than for pigs fed the HP-SBM or the SPC diets. However, no differences between the HP-SBM and the SPC containing diets were detected for any trait. The TTAD of organic matter ( P = 0.07) and gross energy (GE) ( P = 0.05) tended to be higher for the micronized HP-SBM than for the ground HP-SBM and that of GE was higher ( P < 0.05) for US meal than for the ARG meal. Pigs fed R-SBM had lower villus height ( P < 0.01) than pigs fed HP-SBM or SPC but no differences in ileal mucosal morphology were detected between SPC and HP-SBM containing diets. It is concluded that feeding the HP-SBM or SPC-reduced PWD and improved nutrient digestibility and ileal morphology as compared with feeding the R-SBM, but had no effect on pig performance. The inclusion in the diet of added value soya products (micronized SBM or SPC) in substitution of the R-SBM increased the TTAD of all nutrients and reduced PWD but had no advantage in terms of growth performance over the use of ground HP-SBM.

Effects of fiber inclusion on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of piglets reared under optimal or poor hygienic conditions12

“…Individual samples of digesta (approximately 20 g) were collected at the terminal ileum (last 2.0 m of the small intestine), freeze-dried, homogenized using a pestle and a mortar, and stored in airtight containers at +4°C until chemical analyses. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of DM, OM, GE, and CP were determined as described by Berrocoso et al (2014). For the study of the mucosal structure, a 5-cm section of the middle part of the ileum was dissected in all pigs used for the AID study.…”

Technological Processes Applied to Laboratory Animal Feeds and New Feeding Approaches

“…Pelleting and extrusion methods offer several advantages in animal feed production, including improved feed digestibility, reduced ingredient segregation, enhanced pellet durability, and decreased microbial contamination. By processing feed ingredients through pelleting or extrusion, feed manufacturers can achieve greater feed consistency, nutrient retention, and performance benefits for animals, contributing to overall feed efficiency and health outcomes (9,10).…”

The Influence of Micronization of Cereals and Legumes on Feed Conversion, Digestibility, and Daily Gain of Weaned Piglets

“…Graph 2 Changes in in vitro digestibility of soybean, field peas and barley grain after after the micronization and flaking (% d.m.) Berrocoso et al (2014) found that due enhancements in ileal mucosal morphology and nutrient digestibility the use of added value soy products such as micronized soybean meal or soy protein concentrate in diets for healthy pigs weaned at 30 days of age is advised.…”