Influence of Spray Nozzle Operating Parameters on the Fogging Process Implemented to Prevent the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Virus

Abstract

This article reports the results of a study into the effect of operating parameters on the occurrence and course of gas–liquid two-phase phenomena during the fogging process carried out with the use of a conical pressure-swirl nozzle. Four alternatives of the stub regulation angles and four values of pressure of air supply to the nozzle were tested as part of the current research. The range of the investigated variables was common for the operation of fumigators used to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The liquid flow rate (weighting method), the field of velocity, and turbulent flow intensity factor, as well as velocity profiles over the section of 1 m from the nozzle were determined using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The obtained results were correlated with the measurements of the diameters of spray droplets using the laser light scattering (LLS) technique. On the basis of this research, a dependence between the nozzle parameters and the spray cone pattern was identified in terms of dynamics and droplet diameter distribution. As a result of the research, a wide range of parameters were identified in which the fogging process was carried out in a stable and repeatable manner. There were exceptions to this rule only in the cases when there was a deficiency of the liquid necessary to generate a two-phase mixture.

Spray curtains as devices for surface spraying during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

“…The previously conducted studies ( Fedak et al, 2021 ) enabled the design of the atomizer to be optimized, with the possibility of simple adjustment, i.e. by screwing in/unscrewing the liquid inlet nozzle, to be performed.…”

Maldistribution of a Thermal Fluid along the U-Tube with a Different Bending Radius—CFD and PIV Investigation

“…The obtained image processing results made it possible to determine the vector velocity field based on the Adaptive PIV algorithm. The obtained vector velocity fields were used to determine scalar maps of velocity values V defined as √ u 2 + v 2 and scalar maps of turbulent flow intensity factor T i defined as uv similarly as in the work [37]. Details of the PIV system are summarized in the Table 2.…”

Production of Artificial Fog in the PAVIN Fog and Rain Platform: In Search of Big Droplets Fog

“…In fact, there is some work in the literature concerning the testing of different nozzle types and the impact on the distribution of the generated water droplets [17]- [26]. However, these works do not concern fog, but rather fire countermeasures [17], light rain [18], or anti-covid misting [19]. There is some work in the literature comparing fog nozzles and their DSD [20]: they tested different opening diameters and different pressures for a large number of nozzles and tried to draw conclusions about the impact of these parameters.…”