Influence of the magnetic permeability on modeling of induction surface hardening

Barglik, J.; Smalcerz, A.

doi:10.1108/compel-05-2016-0240

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…11 . 2 For ease of comparison, the mean carbon content in austenite previously discussed is also reported. A strong continuous decrease in the FWHM of (111) and (200) peaks is observed during the first stage of the austenite formation followed by a plateau during the second stage (remaining free ferrite dissolution) and later once austenite formation is completed.…”

Section: Austenite Chemical Composition During Austenitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon content evolution in austenite during austenitization studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction of a hypoeutectoid steel

et al. 2020

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Using in situ high energy X-ray diffraction study of austenite formation in hypoeutectoid steel with three different initial microstructures (ferrite-pearlite, tempered martensite and bainite), the lattice parameters of ferrite, cementite and austenite are examined on heating at 0.25, 10 and 100 °C/s. The lattice parameters of ferrite, cementite and austenite do not vary linearly with the temperature, especially, in the temperature range where the austenitization takes place. For the austenite, it is suggested that the deviation from the linearity is mainly associated to the carbon content variation. Using Dyson and Holmes equation, the carbon content in austenite is evaluated for any moment of the austenite formation for each initial microstructure and all heating rates. For the ferrite-pearlite microstructure heated at 0.25 °C/s, the carbon content in austenite after complete cementite dissolution corresponds to that of pearlite. Moreover, a rapid decrease in carbon content in the austenite is observed during the first stage of the austenitization (simultaneous dissolution of ferrite and cementite) followed by a slow further decrease during the transformation of the remaining ferrite. The obtained results are discussed using thermodynamic calculations.

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Section: Austenite Chemical Composition During Austenitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon content evolution in austenite during austenitization studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction of a hypoeutectoid steel

et al. 2020

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“…NTC thermistors resistances were also measured at each interval. Power dissipation was calculated for each measured point accordingly using (16). The power dissipated in both transistors was graphed as functions of NTC resistances (Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A direct comparison between Figs. 16,19, and 20 shows the advantage of using a dual-frequency exciter current. Using dualfrequency resonant inverters, the magnetic field penetration depth of the gears can be freely controlled.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gear material (steel C45) has been modelled by using built-in ANSYS magnetic permeability curve, which accounts for the magnetic permeability being a non-linear function of magnetic field [15]. The changes of magnetic permeability with temperature [16] were omitted to simplify the simulations. The calculation mesh has been varied depending on the dimensions and significance of the components of the model.…”

Section: Coupled Simulation Model Of a Simultaneous Dual-frequency Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dual‐frequency induction heating for gear hardening: converter, resonant circuit, and FEM modelling

Kierepka

Legutko

Zimoch

et al. 2018

IET Power Electronics

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In order to achieve required mechanical properties of hardened elements, such as gear wheels, dual-frequency induction heating may be used. Dual-frequency allows heating only the outline of the gear, due to mixed penetration depth of the subject frequencies. This method of hardening requires the process to be very short as heat may spread by means of conduction. This study presents a 3 kW prototype inverter and its control scheme is used to generate dual-frequency output current. The overall efficiency of the inverter is 96%. An analysis of the output resonant circuit is made to find the resonant frequencies. Finally, circuit and finite element method (FEM) simulations are coupled to analyse the effect of dual-frequency current on the magnetic field, current density, and energy density on the surface of a gear wheel.

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“…Electric conductivity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, are shifted by 10% down and up. Influence of the magnetic permeability was discussed in (Barglik and Smalcerz, 2017) and it is not considered in the paper. Totally 48 different cases are analysed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer simulation of single frequency induction surface hardening of gear wheels: analysis of selected problems

Barglik

Smagór

Smalcerz

2018

IJMMP

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Induction surface hardening of gear wheels is a complex technological process making possible to obtain a thin hardened surface zone of the tooth and to keep soft their internal part. Mathematical modelling of the process is still a serious challenge. It requires triply coupled simulation of non-linear, transient physical fields mostly in 3D formulation. The paper deals with the analysis of various factors influencing on accuracy of computations including material properties, heat transfer parameters and modified values of critical temperatures. The main goal of the paper is to evaluate an influence of three material properties: electric conductivity, specific heat and thermal conductivity on the accordance between computations and measurements. Exemplary investigations are provided for the single frequency induction hardening of gear wheels made of steel 41Cr4.

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Influence of the magnetic permeability on modeling of induction surface hardening

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Carbon content evolution in austenite during austenitization studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction of a hypoeutectoid steel

Carbon content evolution in austenite during austenitization studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction of a hypoeutectoid steel

Dual‐frequency induction heating for gear hardening: converter, resonant circuit, and FEM modelling

Computer simulation of single frequency induction surface hardening of gear wheels: analysis of selected problems

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