Influence of two hormone replacement therapy regiments, oral oestradiol valerate and cyproterone acetate versus transdermal oestradiol and oral dydrogesterone, on lipid metabolism

Serum Lipoprotein(a) Dynamics before/after Menopause and Long-term Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Middle-aged and Older Japanese Women

“…concentration appeared in patients given cyclic therapy with CEE (0.625 mg/day) plus MPA (5 mg/day or 10 mg/day) [17][18][19] and continuous or cyclic therapy with estradiol (2.0 mg/day) plus norethindrone acetate (1.0 mg/day) [13,20,21]. In patients treated with transdermal estradiol, some studies reported a decrease of 12.1 % [22] or 6.0 % [22][23][24], but 4 studies showed no significant decrease [20,22,25,26]. Recently, several studies have reported similar effects of transdermal estradiol on serum Lp(a) lipoprotein concentrations [27,28].…”

Effects of non-oral postmenopausal hormone therapy on markers of cardiovascular risk: a systematic review

“…The oral group of this latter study was one of the two studies included in this review that used cyproterone acetate as a progestogen (63,79). For antithrombin 13 of 16 studies with oral groups found a decrease, which was significant in 10 studies.…”

“…Twenty-nine studies included an oral group. In all studies but five (63,64,68,79,94), the progestogen used in the oral group was the same as in the transdermal group. One study included only nine women in the transdermal group (71).…”

Etofibrate but not controlled-release niacin decreases LDL cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) in type IIb dyslipidemic subjects

“…By an unknown mechanism of action, fibrate treatment and the use of estrogen as a contraceptive or for hormone replacement therapy consistently reduce plasma Lp(a) concentrations (6)(7)(8)(36)(37)(38)(39). Other drug therapies that have produced a significant reduction in Lp(a) concentration include niacin alone or in combination with a bile acid sequestrant or neomycin (9,10,40).…”