Influences of setting sizes and combination of green infrastructures on community’s stormwater runoff reduction

Abstract

Implementation of green infrastructures is an effective option for mitigating the impacts of increasing urbanization on stormwater runo ff. In this study, we evaluated the runoff reduction effectiveness under various setting sizes of green infrastructures using a process-based stormwater runoff model. The model was validated with field data from a typical community in Beijing and proved to be accurate in estimating stormwater runoff under larger rain events. The pervious area percentage and soil hydraulic properties were key parameters influencing stormwater runoff. The four types of green infrastructures, including green area expanding, concave green space, storage pond and porous brick pavement were effective in reducing stormwater runoff, but single facility except the storage pond could not fully control runoff of 5-year recurrence storm. With integrated green infrastructures, runoff of 5-year recurrence storm could be 100% reduced by expanding the pervious area percentage to over 50%, or increase storage pond volume to over 1800 m 3 , whereas a maximum runoff reduction of 95% could be achieved when the green land was reformed to concave with a depth of 4 cm, or 50% of the impervious area was replaced with porous brick pavement with a storage capacity of 8 mm. The combination of green infrastructures with proper setting sizes is necessary for optimal control of stormwater runoff management.

Stormwater management network effectiveness and implications for urban watershed function: A critical review

“…When distributed rain gardens at the household level were added to the simulation, little further reductions were observed. Models have also been used to optimize pollutant removal and cost (Liu, Chen & Peng, 2015) and to determine most acceptable areas for siting of SCMs based on biophysical and societal constraints (Lee et al, 2012;Martin-Mikle et al, 2015;Steinman et al, 2015).…”

Prioritizing Suitable Locations for Green Stormwater Infrastructure Based on Social Factors in Philadelphia

“…The presence of nearby impervious surfaces may support the effectiveness of GSI features promoting infiltration. In urbanized centers, impervious surface coverage may vary by block or parcel any change relatively rapidly necessitating the consideration of site-specific conditions [8,[28][29][30][31]. In most cases, the engineering practices underlying GSI features necessitate proximity to a stormwater inlet to manage excess overflow and drainage [29].…”

Urban Stormwater Characterization, Control, and Treatment

“…Owing intensities of LID implementation predicted runoff volume reductions of 25% to 30% for storm events ranging up to 25 mm in magnitude within watersheds ranging from 5 to 9,300 ha (Vittorio and Ahiablame, 2015;Liu, Chen and Peng, 2015;Palla and Gnecco, 2015). However, these hydrologic benefits were shown to diminish with increases in storm magnitude and/or decreases in the relative stormwater control and treatment area.…”

“…As reviewed by Askarizadeh et al (2015), various spatialbased modeling tools have been developed to identify optimal selection and siting of LID practices to achieve hydrologic and other benefits at the lowest incremental cost. Findings from optimization-type LID studies in 2015 indicated integration of infiltration-based and harvest-based LID practices could provide greater cost-benefits than only one or the other (Askarizadeh et al 2015;Jia, Yao et al, 2015;Liu, Chen and Peng, 2015;Liu, Bralts, and Engel, 2015). Baek et al (2015) proposed a methodology to optimize LID selection for reductions in first flush effects.…”