Influences of thigh cuffs on the cardiovascular system  during 7-day head-down bed rest

Arbeille, Philippe; Herault, S; Fomina, G; Roumy, J.; Alferova, I. V.; Gharib, Claude

doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.87.6.2168

Cited by 40 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…(2004), who reported an unaltered tibial and gastrocnemial vein diameter after 90 days of bed rest. These findings do not correspond with the previous results of a decrease in cross-sectional area of the popliteal and femoral vein (Arbeille et al 1999(Arbeille et al , 2001) and the common result of a decreased venous volume variation after bed rest (Bleeker et al , 2005aChrist et al 2001;Louisy et al 1997). The arterial vascular system also presented diameter reductions after deconditioning (Bleeker et al 2005a, b;De Groot et al 2006), but these changes over time were remarkably larger than previously shown in the venous vascular system.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Both venous capacitance and compliance are major determinants in the vital functions of the venous system, and a numerous amount of studies have been performed to specify their role in orthostatic intolerance after bed rest and space flight in humans. To study the effect of physical deconditioning on the venous vascular system, several human deconditioning models have been used, such as leg immobilisation (Bleeker et al 2005a), space flight (Arbeille et al 2001;Fomina and Kotovskaia 2005;Watenpaugh et al 2001), bed rest (Arbeille et al 1999(Arbeille et al , 2001Belin de Chantemele et al 2004;Bleeker et al 2005b;Bonde-Petersen et al 1994;Buckey et al 1992;Christ et al 2001;Convertino et al 1989;Louisy et al 1997;Melchior and Fortney 1993;Xiao et al 2005) and spinal-cord injury (Frieden et al 1987;Hopman et al 1994;Wecht et al 2000). Sparse data on venous diameter show a reduction in cross-sectional area of femoral venous diameter after bed rest (Arbeille et al 1999(Arbeille et al , 2001), but no change in tibial and gastrocnemial venous diameter (Belin de Chantemele et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of bed rest and an exercise countermeasure on leg venous function

et al. 2008

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This study was performed to assess the effect of resistive vibration exercise during bed rest deconditioning on venous vascular dimension and function, as measured with ultrasound in the popliteal vein. Sixteen men were assigned to bed rest (BR-Ctrl) or bed rest with resistive vibration exercise (BR-RVE). Before and at 25 and 52 days of bed rest, popliteal vein diameter was measured at increasing cuff pressures. Venous capacitance and compliance were calculated from the pressure-volume curve. After 52 days of bed rest, BR-Ctrl showed no change in baseline popliteal vein diameter or compliance, while venous capacitance decreased. Resistive vibration exercise had no effect on the response in venous diameter, capacitance or compliance to 52 days of bed rest. The decline in venous capacitance due to long-term bed rest is not effectively counteracted by resistive vibration exercise, indicating that an alternative factor during bed rest deconditioning is responsible for venous changes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of bed rest and an exercise countermeasure on leg venous function

et al. 2008

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“…We set out to determine the blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and baroreflex response to standing, before and after spaceflight, using frequency domain-and a (novel) high-resolution time domain BRS computation (21). We conducted a preflight stand test with and without venous thigh cuffs to induce venous "trapping" of blood in the lower limbs (1,15). We hypothesized that if the tachycardia and hypotension after spaceflight are indeed related to central hypovolemia, reductions in central blood volume could mimic postspaceflight response to standing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Orthostatic blood pressure control before and after spaceflight, determined by time-domain baroreflex method

Gisolf

Immink²,

Lieshout³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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. Orthostatic blood pressure control before and after spaceflight, determined by time-domain baroreflex method. J Appl Physiol 98: [1682][1683][1684][1685][1686][1687][1688][1689][1690] 2005. First published January 13, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01219.2004.-Reduction in plasma volume is a major contributor to orthostatic tachycardia and hypotension after spaceflight. We set out to determine time-and frequency-domain baroreflex (BRS) function during preflight baseline and venous occlusion and postflight orthostatic stress, testing the hypothesis that a reduction in central blood volume could mimic the postflight orthostatic response. In five cosmonauts, we measured finger arterial pressure noninvasively in supine and upright positions. Preflight measurements were repeated using venous occlusion thigh cuffs to impede venous return and "trap" an increased blood volume in the lower extremities; postflight sessions were between 1 and 3 days after return from 10-to 11-day spaceflight. BRS was determined by spectral analysis and by PRVXBRS, a time-domain BRS computation method. Although all completed the stand tests, two of five cosmonauts had drastically reduced pulse pressures and an increase in heart rate of ϳ30 beats/min or more during standing after spaceflight. Averaged for all five subjects in standing position, high-frequency interbeat interval spectral power or transfer gain did not decrease postflight. Low-frequency gain decreased from 8.1 (SD 4.0) preflight baseline to 6.8 (SD 3.4) postflight (P ϭ 0.033); preflight with thigh cuffs inflated, low-frequency gain was 9.4 (SD 4.3) ms/mmHg. There was a shift in time-domain-determined pulse interval-to-pressure lag, Tau, toward higher values (P Ͻ 0.001). None of the postflight results were mimicked during preflight venous occlusion. In conclusion, two of five cosmonauts showed abnormal orthostatic response 1 and 2 days after spaceflight. Overall, there were indications of increased sympathetic response to standing, even though we can expect (partial) restoration of plasma volume to have taken place. Preflight venous occlusion did not mimic the postflight orthostatic response. microgravity; tilt table; baroreflex; venous pooling; hypovolemia ASTRONAUTS RETURNING FROM spaceflight suffer from varying degrees of orthostatic intolerance (2, 3), and they commonly present with orthostatic tachycardia and hypotension. The cardiovascular adaptations to microgravity leading to postflight reduced orthostatic tolerance have been studied extensively. The carotid baroreceptor cardiac reflex response (BRS), as established by using the neck cuff method to provoke neck pressure changes, is found to be decreased postflight (6). Furthermore, standing systemic vascular resistance is reported to be greater in those who could complete a stand test compared with those who could not (2, 7). This does not appear to be due to an impaired sympathoadrenal system by exposure to microgravity, as found by examining plasma catecholamines in human volunteers before and after spaceflight (22...

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“…Thus, during KAATSU, arterial baroreceptors as well as cardiopulmonary baroreceptors were unloaded (Furlan et al 2001;Brown et al 2003), which mimicked orthostatic stress. During actual space flight, the Russian physicians have already used a unique method for a countermeasure, called ''bracelets'' to reduce edema and venous stasis in the cephalic region by pooling blood in the vascular and extravascular compartments of the legs (Lindgren et al 1998;Arbeille et al 1999;Millet et al 2000). This method applies a pressure of *30 mmHg, proposing that the degree of venous pooling induced by the bracelets is much lower than that observed in KAATSU, where the cuff pressure of 100-250 mmHg is used to restrict muscle blood flow and increase muscle mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An elastic thigh cuff, called ''bracelets'', has been reported to be an effective passive countermeasure for reducing edema and venous stasis in the cephalic region by pooling blood in the vascular and extravascular compartments of the legs, easing the stress of zero gravity (Lindgren et al 1998;Arbeille et al 1999;Millet et al 2000). However, the effectiveness of bracelets to prevent cardiovascular deconditioning is incomplete, providing only partial compensation for the cardiovascular changes (Herault et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamic responses to simulated weightlessness of 24-h head-down bed rest and KAATSU blood flow restriction

et al. 2008

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The KAATSU training is a unique method of muscle training with restricting venous blood flow, which might be applied to prevent muscle atrophy during space flight, but the effects of KAATSU in microgravity remain unknown. We investigated the hemodynamic responses to KAATSU during actually simulated weightlessness (6°h ead-down tilt for 24 h, n = 8), and compared those to KAATSU in the seated position before bed rest. KAATSU was applied to the proximal ends of both the thighs. In the seated position before bed rest, sequential incrementing of KAATSU cuff pressure and altering the level of blood flow restriction resulted in a decrease in stroke volume (SV) with an increase in heart rate (HR). KAATSU (150-200 mmHg) decreased SV comparable to standing.Following 24-h bed rest, body mass, blood volume (BV), plasma volume (PV), and diameter of the inferior vena cava (IVC) were significantly reduced. Norepinephrine (NOR), vasopressin (ADH), and plasma renin activity (PRA) tend to be reduced. A decrease in SV and CO induced by KAATSU during the simulated weightlessness was larger than that in the seated position before bed rest, and one of eight subjects developed presyncope due to hypotension during 100 mmHg KAATSU. High-frequency power (HF RR ) decreased during KAATSU and standing, while low-frequency/high-frequency power (LF RR /HF RR ) increased significantly. NOR, ADH and PRA also increased during KAATSU. These results indicate that KAATSU blood flow restriction reproduces the effects of standing on HR, SV, NOR, ADH, PRA, etc., thus stimulating a gravity-like stress during simulated weightlessness. However, syncope due to lower extremity blood pooling and subsequent reduction of venous return may be induced during KAATSU in microgravity as reported in cases of lower-body negative pressure.

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Influences of thigh cuffs on the cardiovascular system during 7-day head-down bed rest

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of bed rest and an exercise countermeasure on leg venous function

The effect of bed rest and an exercise countermeasure on leg venous function

Orthostatic blood pressure control before and after spaceflight, determined by time-domain baroreflex method

Hemodynamic responses to simulated weightlessness of 24-h head-down bed rest and KAATSU blood flow restriction

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