Influência do estresse térmico sobre os aspectos produtivos e reprodutivos de bovinos – Revisão

Almeida, João Vitor Nogueira de; Marques, Letícia Ribeiro; Marques, Thaisa Campos; Guimarães, Kátia Cylene; Leão, Karen Martins

doi:10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3837

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Cattle are animals sensitive to temperature variations, and when exposed to conditions of excessive heat, they can face serious health and well-being problems. During periods of high temperatures, cattle have difficulties in dissipating body heat, which leads to an increase in respiratory rate and sweating as thermoregulation mechanisms; this suffering is directly influenced by the rearing system [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Thermal Patterns Using Infrared Thermography and Thermolytic Responses of Cattle Reared in Three Different Systems during the Transition Period in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Silva,

Silva

et al. 2023

Animals

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In the Lower Amazon mesoregion, there are basically three types of production systems: the traditional (without shade and no bathing area), the silvopastoral (with shade and no bathing area), and the integrated (with shade and bathing area). It is considered that the type of production system influences the thermal comfort and productivity of cattle, so this research aims to evaluate the influence of these three types of production systems on the thermoregulation of Nellore cattle. The experiment was carried out on a rural property for raising cattle, located in Mojuí dos Campos, Pará, Brazil, during the transition period (June/July). Thirty bovine males (not castrated, aged between 18 and 20 months, average weight of 250 ± 36 kg, body condition score of 3.5, clinically healthy) were randomly divided into three groups: Silvopastoral System—SS (n = 10), Traditional System—TS (n = 10), and Integrated System—IS (n = 10). Climate variables were collected (air temperature (AT °C), relative humidity (RH %), wind speed (WS, m/s), solar radiation (SR), black globe temperature (BGT °C), and physiological parameters, such as respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT)) at 6 a.m., 12 p.m., 6 p.m., and 12 a.m. to determine the thermal comfort situation of the animals. Thermographic images of the environment and animals were captured in order to obtain the body surface temperature (BST) through infrared thermography. The Benezra Thermal Comfort Index (BTCI), Environmental Stress Index (ESI), Equivalent Temperature Index (ETI), and Iberian Heat Tolerance Index (Iberian HTI) were used. The results showed that the silvopastoral system, with shading by chestnut trees and an ample vegetative area, presented better thermal conditions, with an average of 28.98 °C, in comparison with the traditional system (35.93 °C) and the integrated one (34.11 °C). It was observed that the body surface temperature of cattle did not differ significantly between the anatomical regions of the body and the studied systems (p > 0.05). As for the respiratory rate, the traditional system registered higher values, with an average of 41 movements per minute, indicating possible thermal stress (p < 0.05). The thermal comfort indices revealed that all systems presented moderate stress conditions during times of higher solar intensity. It is concluded that the silvopastoral system proved to be more favorable for cattle, providing shade and reducing thermal stress, which may have a positive impact on animal welfare and productivity in this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Thermal Patterns Using Infrared Thermography and Thermolytic Responses of Cattle Reared in Three Different Systems during the Transition Period in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Silva,

Silva

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…By analyzing the mean RT and RR between the traditional system and silvopastoral system groups, it was possible to perceive a reduction than when compared to the integrated system, thus suggesting that the presence of shading can benefit the animals due to the reduction of direct exposure to sunlight, positively impacting their physiological performance [ 2 , 5 , 34 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Temperament and Reactivity of Nelore Cattle (Bos indicus) Associated with Behavior Scores during Corral Management in the Humid Tropics

da Silva,

Martorano

et al. 2024

Animals

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The evaluation of the reactivity and distress of cattle during corral management, by means of subjective scores, aims at the standardization of behavioral indicators, through non-invasive methods, in addition to enabling the development of more appropriate management practices, thus promoting the comfort and well-being of these animals. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the temperament and distress of cattle managed in a corral using behavioral indicators during the rainiest period. For this, the experiment was conducted on a property located in the municipality of Mojuí dos Campos, during the rainiest quarter (February–April). Thus, 30 male cattle, not castrated, approximately 29 months of age, clinically healthy, and weighing 310 + 20 kg, were divided into three rearing systems: silvopastoral (SP), traditional (SS), and integrated (SI) systems. There were 10 animals per system. Physiological parameters were collected to evaluate rectal temperature (RT) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as body surface temperature (BST), through thermal windows (head and flank infrared temperature and rump infrared temperature). To evaluate temperament and reactivity, scores indicative of corral behavior were used, namely escape speed (ES), tension score (SS_1), tension score (SS_2), reactivity scale (RS), movement score (MS), and temperament scale (TS). The results showed that there was a thermal amplitude of 5.9 °C on average and 8.6 °C at maximum when comparing the structure of the corral and the trees. In addition, the comparisons between the production systems for the behavioral variables did not differ at the 5% significance level, except for ES, where the traditional system differed from the integrated system and the silvopastoral system, showing intermediate average values for both. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the variables RT and RR (r = 0.72; p < 0.01), RR and SS_2 (r = 0.38; p = 0.04), flank infrared temperature and MS (r = 0.47; p = 0.01), rump infrared temperature and RS (r = 0.37; p = 0.04), SS_1 and RS (r = 0.41; p = 0.02), SS_1 and SS_2 (r = 0.39; p = 0.03), RS and SS_2 (r = 0.58; p = 0.00), RS and MS (r = 0.50; p = 0.01), RS and TS (r = 0.61; p = 0.00), SS_2 and MS (r = 0.51; p = 0.00), SS_2 and TS (r = 0.47; p = 0.01), and MS and TS (r = 0.44; p = 0.02), and a negative correlation between ES and TS (r = −0.42; p = 0.02). The rainy season had a major influence on the evaluation of temperature and distress levels during handling in the corral, as evidenced by the association between physiological and behavioral parameters.

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“…La HR del aire para todos los municipios a lo largo del período de tiempo observado y durante todo el año, estuvieron dentro del rango ideal sugerido por Almeida et al (12), que es de 55% a 75% para facilitar los mecanismos evaporativos del animal para la pérdida de calor. Valores de humedad relativa superiores a los recomendados, asociados a temperaturas Las Tmax y Tmim en los diferentes períodos analizados presentaron resultados típicos de las regiones de sabana ubicadas en el centro de Brasil, con un intervalo cálido y húmedo que coincide con el período más húmedo y otro más seco y frío que se asocia con el período de sequía.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

The climate and its implications for milk production in the Brazilian cerrado

Vasconcelos-Melo,

Azevedo-Mota,

Nogueira-Domingues

et al. 2023

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objective. To analyze the climate in the last thirty years in the Northwest of Minas and its impacts on dairy production. Materials and Methods. The database of the National Institute of Meteorology was used during the period from 1985 to 2017 in the cities of Unaí, Paracatu, Arinos and Formoso/MG. For each month and year, the average minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum temperature (Tmax), relative humidity (RH), Temperature and Humidity Index (THI), Wet-bulbe Globe Temperature Index (WBGT), estimate of the decrease in milk production (DMP) and DMP on critical days (DMPc) were calculated. Results. The results were evaluated using the lm function of R, and the t test to test the null hypothesis that the regression coefficient was equal to zero with a significance level of 5%. An increase in Tmax and Tmim values by 0.6-0.9°C respectively was observed. The THI and WBGT values in the municipalities show states of danger and emergency. The DMP obtained were 2.8 kg cow-1 day-1 (Paracatu and Formoso), 3.2 kg cow-1 day-1 in Unaí and between 3.7 and 4.6 kg cow-1 day-1 in Arinos. Conclusions. It is verified that the thermal condition in the studied cities is outside the considered thermoneutral zone, being necessary primary and secondary environmental modifications to guarantee the welfare of the animals and satisfactory livestock indexes.

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Influência do estresse térmico sobre os aspectos produtivos e reprodutivos de bovinos – Revisão

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of Thermal Patterns Using Infrared Thermography and Thermolytic Responses of Cattle Reared in Three Different Systems during the Transition Period in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Characterization of Thermal Patterns Using Infrared Thermography and Thermolytic Responses of Cattle Reared in Three Different Systems during the Transition Period in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Characterization of the Temperament and Reactivity of Nelore Cattle (Bos indicus) Associated with Behavior Scores during Corral Management in the Humid Tropics

The climate and its implications for milk production in the Brazilian cerrado

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