Influências do climatério para o envelhecimento na percepção de mulheres idosas: subsídios para a enfermagem

Abstract

Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, com objetivo de analisar a influência do climatério para o envelhecimento na percepção das mulheres idosas. O estudo foi desenvolvido no Instituto de Atenção à Saúde São Francisco de Assis/Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. A coleta de dados foi conduzida por entrevista individual com 31 mulheres, sendo os mesmos processados por meio de análise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que o climatério, marcado por intensas mudanças corporais e emocionais, influencia e desencadeia o envelhecimento gerando medo, especialmente por sua associação com proximidade da morte. A participação em grupos para idosos traz benefícios às participantes, especialmente pelo convívio, novas amizades, prática de atividades físicas, lazer, entretenimento e ânimo para melhor vivenciar esta fase da vida. Conclui-se que para diminuir o impacto do climatério na vida das mulheres, as estratégias de atenção a saúde devem priorizar estratégias criativas, fundamentadas nos valores sociais, convivência social e vida saudável.

Saúde sexual e reprodutiva: competências da equipe na Atenção Primária à Saúde

“…In order to reach the objectives proposed a descriptive and exploratory study with mixed ap-proach (quali-quantitative) was developed using the Delphi technique. It is based on a systematized method of judgment of information, to obtain consensus among specialists in complex themes through validations articulated in phases or cycles 22,23 . The online Delphi Technique was used 23 which provides the circulation of structured questionnaires, repeated times, by a group of experts in the theme studied, with statistical feedback of each answer until reaching a consensus 22 .…”

“…It is based on a systematized method of judgment of information, to obtain consensus among specialists in complex themes through validations articulated in phases or cycles 22,23 . The online Delphi Technique was used 23 which provides the circulation of structured questionnaires, repeated times, by a group of experts in the theme studied, with statistical feedback of each answer until reaching a consensus 22 . For this study Delphi technique was chosen to prepare a list of transversal competences to work with sexual and reproductive health in primary healthcare.…”

Women’s insights about the climacteric period / Percepções de mulheres acerca do climatério

“…Where the body is worshiped, the youth valued by various means of communication and the aesthetic pattern of the beautiful is encouraged to be preserved at any price by society, creates a frightening and painful image for women who, supposedly, begin their journey of aging process. 14 It is known that the elderly population is increasing in Brazil, and the climacteric period corresponds to 1/3 of women's lives. 14 Thus, it is necessary to have trained and attentive professionals, to provide integral assistance, to work the promotion of health, to cause women to demystify that period; in other words, they do not understand the period of the climacteric period negatively but rather as a phase of new discoveries, as this period is part of the life cycle.…”

“…This strategy can be understood by the representation of the climacteric period by the woman as a disease, when they seek medication as a solution. 14 On the other hand, currently there are several possibilities for intervention in the climacteric period, which go beyond the fragmented and reductionist approach that is marked by the medicalization of the female body given the systematic use of hormone replacement therapy. 12 It is worth noting that the climacteric period is not a disease and hormonal treatment is a therapeutic option for cases in which the symptomatology is aggravated and not ameliorated by alternative methods that must be first choice, so the importance of a qualified nursing consultation with a sensitive listening and a care plan permeated by less invasive and more complementary methods involving different activities for the woman.…”

Violência por parceiro íntimo em abuso de álcool perpetrada contra mulheres no climatério

“…Essa fase ocorre entre os 35 e aos 65 anos de idade, podendo acarretar mudanças na vida conjugal, profissional e sociocultural da mulher. 6 Estima-se que 32% das mulheres no Brasil estejam na faixa etária entre 35 e 65 anos.…”