Influencing Factors, Design Methods, and Buoyancy Reduction Measures for Basement Anti-Flotation Engineering

Abstract

Basement anti-flotation design is crucial in modern urban construction. An increase in groundwater buoyancy can cause basement structures to uplift, leading to structural instability or even damage. To ensure the stability and safety of underground structures under various hydrogeological conditions, anti-flotation design must comprehensively consider factors such as construction, design, supervision, structure, and hydrology. During construction, improper dewatering measures or unreasonable construction progress may lead to an abnormal rise in groundwater levels, increasing the risk of anti-flotation. Design considerations must include sufficient safety margins, supervision must fully recognize the impact of groundwater, and the structural dead load must be adequate. Anti-flotation stability verification includes both overall and local anti-flotation, involving the calculation of groundwater buoyancy, structural self-weight, and overburden, and selecting appropriate anti-flotation stability safety factors. The assessment and selection of the anti-flotation design water level are also critical. Common anti-flotation measures include adding counterweights, tension-resistant piles, compression and tension-resistant piles, and hydro-pressure reduction methods, while reinforcement and repair methods include epoxy resin grouting and steel plating reinforcement. Through systematic analysis and comprehensive research, scientific basis and technical support are provided for anti-flotation design, enhancing design efficiency and reliability and ensuring the safety and stability of underground spaces. Future research will develop more accurate calculation methods, improve design standards, and explore new anti-flotation technologies and materials.