Informal and Semiformal Services in Latin America: An Overview of Public Transportation Reforms

Not my usual trip: Ride-hailing characterization in Mexico City

“…Lower income women tend to access to slower and lower quality modes compared to men, relying extensively on walking and public transit, even when a private vehicle is available in the household (Peters, 2013) . In addition to having distinct transport needs, women are frequently victims of sexual harassment and other crimes, often report feeling unsafe when using public transport systems (Gardner et al, 2017;Gekoski et al, 2017) In LAC, public transit systems tend to be characterized as highly informal (Tun et al, 2020), and often lack defined stops, or security protocols and mechanisms in place to report crimes and incidents of harassment (World Bank Group and UFGE, 2020). They are also characterized as having higher rates of sexual harassment and assaults (FIA Foundation and CAF, 2017).…”

Of cooks, crooks and slum-dwellers: Exploring the lived experience of energy and mobility poverty in Mexico's informal settlements

“…Like many other cities in the global south, the public transit systems in the MCMA is highly informal and often lacks security protocols, defined stops and instruments to report harassment and crimes (Tun, Welle, Hidalgo, Albuquerque, Castellanos, Sclar, & Escalante, 2020). Regardless of these flaws, approximately-twothirds of all trips in the MCMA are made using public transportation.…”

Microtransit in Latin America and the Caribbean: Governance, operations, and regulation for socially inclusive and sustainable urban mobility

“…No literature was found referring to B2B models for microtransit. Bustillos & González, 2020;Flores Dewey, 2019;Hernandez Romero, 2018;Schlickmann, 2019;Tirachini et al, 2020;Tun et al, 2020;Wiener-Brodkey, 2021…”