Infrared spectroscopy as a tool to monitor the extent of intercalation and exfoliation in polymer clay nanocomposites

Tzavalas, Spiros; Gregoriou, Vasilis G.

doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2008.09.007

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Applying 45 min sonication and increasing it to 60 and 75 min shifted this peak to lower wave numbers. According to the reports of Tzavalas and Gregoriou [37], we can attribute these peaks to the alteration of environment of the Si atoms (in MMT) due to the presence and penetration of polymer and alkyls between MMT layers. Higher intensities of these peaks show the progress of intercalation in films.…”

Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Some of the peaks shifted positively and some negatively and most of them got sharper with higher intensity, showing that the polymer/glycerol was incorporated into the intergallery space of the MMT layers and new chemical bonds were formed [1,37,38]. By increasing time of sonication up to 60 min, fewer changes occurred at low wave numbers, while at high wave numbers, peaks got wider and sharper (Fig.…”

Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 92%

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Effects of ultrasound time on the properties of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films

et al. 2017

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Methylcellulose-montmorillonite films were prepared via solvent casting method. The effects of different ultrasound times (0,15,30, 45, 60, and 75 min) on the properties of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films were evaluated. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction were applied to investigate and prove the effects of ultrasound time. The films were characterized by mechanical properties, opacity, water vapor permeability, yellowness index, and color. Ultrasound time significantly affected the characteristics of the films, except for elongation. Maximum tensile strength, opacity, YI, and b* as well as minimum L* and water vapor permeability were related to 60 min. The results from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared verified the effects of sonication time on the films properties, especially for 60 min. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum related to 60 min had more new and sharper peaks. The maximum compactness and strength of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films and the highest X-ray diffraction peak were also attributed to 60 min. Using ultrasound radiation for the production of such films is strongly recommended. To obtain the best quality and reach the required properties, considering the aim of the films, optimization of sonication time is mandatory.

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Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of ultrasound time on the properties of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films

et al. 2017

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“…The factors that must be emphasized upon are the filler-to -EG-AN/MMA) interfacial adhesion and orientation [6]. Also the surface area/volume ratio of the filler is another vital property of reinforcements (fillers) [7][8][9][10][11].Low strength usually results from weak interfacial regions, consequently leading to reduced efficiency in stress transfer and ultimately a premature failure of the material under test. Therefore, addition of fillers to any given polymer matrix usually does not necessarily result in increased tensile properties of the composite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sem Studies of Tensile Fractured Surfaces of Expanded Graphite/Acrylonitrile/Methyl Methacrylate Nanocomposites Prepared via in-Situ Polymerization

Udensi¹,

Nnanna²

2012

MATERIALS

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Expanded graphite/Acrylonitrile/methyl methacrylate nanocomposites of different weight contents (0 to 5 wt. %) of Expanded Graphite (EG) were prepared via polymerization and examined for their yield and failure behaviours under uniaxial stress state. The failure mechanism shows transitions from sheared to crazed states as the volume contents of EG were increased. SEM photomicrographs also confirmed the brittle to ductile microstructural transitions of the nanocomposites. The toughness of the nanocomposite with 3 wt. % EG was optimum, and the process of crack growth which led to this high toughness could be seen. The decisive parameter which influenced the fracture data of EG/AN/MMA nanocomposites was found to be volume fraction of EG and interfacial adhesion of AN/MMA matrix and EG particles.

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“…MMT respectively. These changes demonstrate the effect of PVA on the Si-O of MMT and its surrounding environment because of the penetration of PVA between the MMT layers (30). Adding 10%GL to the film resulted in further changes in the FTIR spectra (Fig.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Interaction Effects of Montmorillonite and Glycerol on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-montmorillonite Films

Jokar¹,

Azizi²,

Esfehani³

2017

Nutr Food Sci Res

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A B S T R A C TBackground and Objectives: Preparation and evaluation of nanocomposite films have become prevalent in recent years. Depending on the purpose of using the film, and considering the effects and interaction effects of nanomaterial and other modifiers on the film properties, the amounts of nanomaterials and modifiers should be optimized. The effects of montmorillonite (MMT), glycerol (GL), and their interaction effects on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol-montmorillonite (PVA-MMT) films were evaluated in this research. Materials and Methods:PVA-MMT films were produced based on a full factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 16 treatments and three replicates. There were two factors with four levels: MMT (0, 5, 12, and 20% weight per weight of polymer W/WP), and GL (0, 10, 30, and 50% W/WP). The films were characterized by mechanical properties, opacity, water vapor permeability (WVP), and color.Results: MMT increased tensile strength (TS), b*, yellowness index (YI), and opacity of the films. MMT, however, reduced elongation (E%) and WVP of the films. The effect of GL on the films was quite opposite the MMT. In addition, the interaction effects of MMT-GL on WVP, YI, and b* were significant (p<0.01). MMT contents could reduce WVP just in the presence of GL in the films, while GL contents could increase WVP at all MMT concentrations. Furthermore, MMT contents could increase YI of the films at all GL concentrations, while GL could increase YI just at 20% MMT content. Strong affinities of MMT, and GL with PVA were proved by FTIR. Conclusions:Considering the target of utilizing PVA-MMT films, appropriate concentrations of MMT, GL, and their proper combination should be selected.

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Infrared spectroscopy as a tool to monitor the extent of intercalation and exfoliation in polymer clay nanocomposites

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of ultrasound time on the properties of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films

Effects of ultrasound time on the properties of methylcellulose-montmorillonite films

Sem Studies of Tensile Fractured Surfaces of Expanded Graphite/Acrylonitrile/Methyl Methacrylate Nanocomposites Prepared via in-Situ Polymerization

The Interaction Effects of Montmorillonite and Glycerol on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-montmorillonite Films

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