Inguinal Bladder Hernia (IBH) managed by Lichtenstein technique: A case report

A rare intraperitoneal inguinal bladder hernia (IBH) in a 58-year-old Indonesian male: A case report and review of the literature

“…Inguinal bladder hernia (IBH) contains part of the urinary bladder (diverticulum, part of bladder, ureter) or its entirity [ 1 , 2 ]. A herniated bladder that is located in inguinoscrotal sac or also referred to as scrotal cystocele was first described in the literature by Levine in 1951 [ 3 ].…”

“…A herniated bladder that is located in inguinoscrotal sac or also referred to as scrotal cystocele was first described in the literature by Levine in 1951 [ 3 ]. IBH accounts for <5 % of inguinal hernias, with incidence as high as 10 % among obese men older than 50 years of age [ 1 , 2 , 5 ]. As to our knowledge, this is the first case report of IBH in Indonesia.…”

“…Inguinal hernia containing herniation of the bladder accounts for <5 % of inguinal hernias. Inguinal bladder hernia (IBH) could contain any part of the bladder (diverticulum, part of bladder, ureter, or entire bladder) [ 1 , 2 ]. Furthermore, a herniated bladder that is located in inguinoscrotal sac or also referred to as scrotal cystocele was first described in the literature by Levine in 1951 [ 3 ].…”

“…Clinical presentation of IBH ranges from asymptomatic to profound symptoms [ 3 ]. Symptoms of IBH include inguinal pain or swelling, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), two-stage micturition, to various symptoms caused by its complications [ 1 , [4] , [5] , [6] ].…”

“…Pre-operative diagnosis of IBH is challenging as its symptoms are often not specific. However, modalities such as ultrasonography (US), cystoscopy, computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and voiding cystourethrography have been useful in excluding other differential diagnosis [ 1 , 7 ]. Definitive treatment of IBH is surgical repair, with open surgical repair as the most common and preferred surgical approach [ [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”