Inhalable dust, endotoxins and (1–3)-β-d-glucans as indicators of exposure in waste sorting plant environment

Kozajda, Anna; Jeżak, Karolina; Cyprowski, Marcin; Szadkowska-Stańczyk, Irena

doi:10.1007/s10453-017-9484-4

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The overall dust exposure measured in this study (range: 0 -50.2 mg m -3 ) is consistent with the concentrations measured in the waste sector in South Africa (47), Poland (48), and the exposure levels reviewed by Pearson and colleagues in (0.1-56.14 mg m -3 ) (49).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“Divergent TLR2 and TLR4 activation by fungal spores and species diversity in dust from waste-sorting plants”

Afanou

Mundra²,

Estensmo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This manuscript presents the results of an exploratory study on the relationships between NFkB (Nuclear Factor Kappa Chain Enhancer of B-cells) response through TLRs activation by dust characterized by fungal spore concentrations and species diversity. Personal total dust samples were collected from Norwegian waste sorting plants and then characterized for fungal spores and fungal species diversity, as well as for other bioaerosol components, including endotoxins and actinobacteria. The ability of the dust to induce an NFkB response by activating Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) and 4 (TLR4) in vitro was evaluated as well as the relationship between such responses and quantifiable bioaerosol components. The average concentrations of bioaerosols were 7.23 mg total dust m-3, 4.49×105fungal spores m-3, 814 endotoxin units m-3, and 0.6×105actinobacteria m-3. The mean diversity measurements were 326; 0.59 and 3.39 for fungal richness, evenness, and Shannon Index, respectively. Overall, fungal OTUs belonging to the Ascomycotina phylum were most abundant (55%), followed by Basidiomycota (33%) and Mucormycota (3%). All samples induced significant NFkB responses through TLR2 and TLR4 activation. While fungal spore levels were positively associated with TLR2 and TLR4 activation, there was a trend that fungal species richness was negatively associated with the activation of these receptors. This observation supports the existence of divergent immunological responses relationship between fungal spore levels and fungal species diversity. Such relationships seem to be described for the first time for dust from waste facilities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“Divergent TLR2 and TLR4 activation by fungal spores and species diversity in dust from waste-sorting plants”

Afanou

Mundra²,

Estensmo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Gram-negative bacterial cell wall produces endotoxins during multiplication, growth and death (Maharia and Srivastava 2020 ). Bacteria produce endotoxins that can lead to chills, fever, fatigue, headache, joint pain, fluctuations in the number of leukocytes in the blood, dry cough, upper airway inflammation, bronchial asthma, ODTS and the acute form of byssinosis, systemic inflammatory response and death (Kozajda et al 2017 ; Liebers et al 2008 ; Madhwal et al 2020 ; Park et al 2011 ). Endotoxins are major contributors to occupational lung diseases and ODTS (Kim et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Occupational Exposure To Bioaerosols and Its Health Implicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhaling more than 80 mg of endotoxins can reduce lung function (Kim et al 2018 ). Similarly, glucans may induce immunosuppressive and inflammatory reactions (Kozajda et al 2017 ). Fungi produce toxic, low molecular weight non-volatile secondary metabolites, commonly referred to as mycotoxins (Schlosser et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Occupational Exposure To Bioaerosols and Its Health Implicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosols in the landfill environment: an overview of microbial diversity and potential health hazards

Nair¹

2021

Aerobiologia

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Landfilling is one of the indispensable parts of solid waste management in various countries. Solid waste disposed of in landfill sites provides nutrients for the proliferation of pathogenic microbes which are aerosolized into the atmosphere due to the local meteorology and various waste disposal activities. Bioaerosols released from landfill sites can create health issues for employees and adjoining public. The present study offers an overview of the microbial diversity reported in the air samples collected from various landfill sites worldwide. This paper also discusses other aspects, including effect of meteorological conditions on the bioaerosol concentrations, sampling techniques, bioaerosol exposure and potential health impacts. Analysis of literature concluded that landfill air is dominated by microbial dust or various pathogenic microbes like Enterobacteriaceae , Staphylococcus aureus , Clostridium perfringens , Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Aspergillus fumigatus . The bioaerosols present in the landfill environment are of respirable sizes and can penetrate deep into lower respiratory systems and trigger respiratory symptoms and chronic pulmonary diseases. Most studies reported higher bioaerosol concentrations in spring and summer as higher temperature and relative humidity provide a favourable environment for survival and multiplication of microbes. Landfill workers involved in solid waste disposal activities are at the highest risk of exposure to these bioaerosols due to their proximity to solid waste and as they practise minimum personal safety and hygiene measures during working hours. Workers are recommended to use personal protective equipment and practise hygiene to reduce the impact of occupational exposure to bioaerosols.

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“…Among the measures proposed, the installation of exhaust fans and the increase in ventilation at the workplace is the best to be made. Kozajda et al (2017), at assessing the levels of inhalable dust in waste sorting plants, verified the low level of dust in the facilities were certainly due to efficient ventilation and air conditioning systems. Second Schlosser et al, (2015), the classification rooms must be equipped with a ventilation system that allows operators to work directly under clean and unidirectional airflow.…”

Section: Independent Journal Of Management and Production (Ijmandp)mentioning

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of occupational safety conditions in a waste plastic recycling plant in Brazil

Soares

Sousa

Santos

2021

Ind. Jour. Manag. & Prod.

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The adequacy of working conditions to safety standards has a fundamental importance in the company's environment. The efficient implementation of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System allows the reduction of risks associated with accidents; reduce costs to the employer and a strong ally in the competitive market when the safety indicator is a decisive factor in the choice of suppliers. The aim of this study was to evaluate occupational safety and health (OSH) practices at work in a plastic recycling plant located in northeastern Brazil, as well as to identify opportunities for improvement. Data collection was carried out from on-site visits and control measures were proposed for the risk factors identified. The evaluation made it possible to identify that the recycling activity is characterized by several occupational hazards, which are aggravated by inadequate working conditions. The non-conformity of jobs, the use of obsolete equipment and the lack of specific training to perform certain functions were identified as the most relevant aspects. For these, opportunities for improvement and adequation were connected. The study results can help other companies that perform the same activities to improve their performance in OSH based on the points of improvement presented.

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Inhalable dust, endotoxins and (1–3)-β-d-glucans as indicators of exposure in waste sorting plant environment

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

“Divergent TLR2 and TLR4 activation by fungal spores and species diversity in dust from waste-sorting plants”

“Divergent TLR2 and TLR4 activation by fungal spores and species diversity in dust from waste-sorting plants”

Bioaerosols in the landfill environment: an overview of microbial diversity and potential health hazards

Evaluation of occupational safety conditions in a waste plastic recycling plant in Brazil

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