Inhalation Anesthetics

Steffey, Eugene; Mama, Khursheed R.; Brosnan, Robert J

doi:10.1002/9781119421375.ch16

Cited by 109 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 435 publications

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“…Hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis. However, an inhalant anesthetic may also depress alveolar ventilation and increase CO 2 in a dose dependent manner (STEFFEY and MAMA, 2007). Hypoventilation causes carbon dioxide retention and respiratory acidosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acid-base balance during volatile and total intravenous anaesthesia in dogs

Capak

Filipović-Genter

Nesek-Adam³

et al. 2017

Vet.arhiv

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The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different anesthetic techniques on the acid base balance in bitches. Research was carried out on 20 bitches randomly divided into two groups. In group A general anaesthesia was induced by intravenous application of ketamine and diazepam, and maintained with an additional intravenous bolus of ketamine. In group B a combination of propofol and ketamine was used for induction of anaestesia. General anaesthesia was maintained with N 2 O and O 2 in a range of 1:1 in combination with 2% isoflurane. Animals in both groups were kept on spontaneous ventilation. Arterial blood for blood gas analysis was taken at two time points (3 and 45 min. after induction of anaesthesia, respectively). Group A had a significantly (P<0.05) higher pH value than Group B at 45 min. The pCO 2 was significantly (P<0.05) lower in group A than in group B at 3 and 45 min, respectively. There was also a significant difference in values of pO 2 between the groups at 3 and 45 min. The pO 2 was lower in group A than in group B. Group B had a significantly (P<0.05) higher HCO 3 -value than Group A at 45 min. Volatile anaesthesia minimally disturbs acid-base balance, and oxygen access capability is better.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isoflurane is generally considered the most widely used inhalant anesthetic in veterinary medicine (STEFFEY and MAMA, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-base balance during volatile and total intravenous anaesthesia in dogs

Capak

Filipović-Genter

Nesek-Adam³

et al. 2017

Vet.arhiv

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“…Cam kavanozlara vaporizatör ile 6 L dk -1 akım hızında oksijen içinde %5,7 konsantrasyonda desfluran (Desfluran, Abbott Lab. İstanbul/Türkiye) girişi sağlandı (14). Gaz karışımının monitorizasyonu, ortak giriş hattına bağlanan anestezik gaz monitörü (Anesthesia Gas Monitoring 1304, Danimarka) ile izlenerek sabit tutuldu.…”

Section: Anestezi Düzeneği Ve Başlangıcıunclassified

Effect of Day and Night Desflurane Anaesthesia on Melatonin Levels in Rats

Özer¹,

Öçmen²,

Akan³

et al. 2016

Turk J Anaesth Reanim

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Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı ratlarda gece-gündüz desfluran uygulamasının melatonin düzeyi üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 15 günlük 24 adet rat alındı ve rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. Ratlara bahar döneminde 19:00-01:00 (gece grubu) ve 07:00-13:00 (gündüz grubu) saatleri arasında 6 L dk -1 akım hızında %100 oksijen içinde %5,7 desfluran uygulandı. Kontrol gruplarına ise aynı zaman süresince 6 L dk -1 akım hızında oksijen uygulandı. Altı saatlik sürenin sonunda kan örnekleri alındıktan sonra ratlar sakrifiye edildi. Alınan kanlar santrifüj edildi ve elde edilen plazmalarda melatonin düzeyleri radioimmünoassay yön-temi ile ölçüldü.Bulgular: Tüm gruplar karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptandı (p=0,007). Gündüz kontrol ve gece kontrol grupları karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı fark olduğu görüldü (p=0,042). Ayrıca gündüz kontrol ve gece desfluran grupları arasında anlamlı fark saptandı (p=0,024). Diğer gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Sonuç:On beş günlük ratlarda yaptığımız bu çalışma ile altı saatlik %5,7 konsantrasyondaki desfluranın gece veya gündüz uygulanmasının melatonin düzeyini etkilemediğini saptadık. Anahtar kelimeler: Melatonin, desfluran, ratObjective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of day and night administration of desflurane anaesthesia on melatonin levels in rats.Methods: Twenty-four 15-day-old rats were included in the study and were divided into four groups. The rats were anaesthetised between 19:00-01:00 (night group) and 07:00-13:00 (day group) with 5.7% desflurane concentration in 6 L min −1 100% oxygen. 6 L min −1 oxygen was administered to the control groups. At the end of 6 h of anaesthesia, blood samples were taken, and rats were sacrificed. Blood samples were centrifuged and melatonin levels from plasma samples were measured with radioimmunoassay.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.007). Between group day control and group night control there was a statistically significant difference (p=0.042). Further, there was a significant difference between group day control and night desflurane (p=0.024). We could not find any difference between other groups. Conclusion:This study showed that 6 hours of 5.7% desflurane anaesthesia during day and night hours did not significantly change melatonin levels.

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“…Furthermore, animals undergoing inhalation anesthesia benefit from the fact that oxygen is most commonly used as the carrier gas, which improves tissue oxygenation. Most volatile agents are mainly eliminated by the lungs and undergo very little biotransformation, typically interfering only to a small extent with the liver function and metabolism of other drugs, which is especially important in pharmacology and toxicology research (Steffey, 1996). Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) is a concept used to compare the efficiency or strength of anesthetic vapors and corresponds to the effective dose of an injectable anesthetic ( Table 6) (Joo et al, 2001), depicting the concentration that produces immobility in 50% of subjects during noxious stimulation.…”

Section: Inhalant Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhaled anesthetics have a greater margin of safety, producing a more stable plane of surgical anesthesia, when used with a calibrated vaporizer, than injectable anesthetics. Since these anesthetics enter and leave the body through the respiratory system, the partial pressure of the anesthetic in the blood and brain can be changed immediately, thus easily adjusting the depth of anesthesia (Steffey, 1996;Brunson, 1997). Furthermore, animals undergoing inhalation anesthesia benefit from the fact that oxygen is most commonly used as the carrier gas, which improves tissue oxygenation.…”

Section: Inhalant Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The mouse and the rat in surgical research. The anesthetic approach

Chaniotakis

Spyrliadis

Katsimpoulas

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The mouse and the rat are currently overwhelmingly preferred as laboratory animals. Surgical research on animals requires anesthesia and analgesia to obtain adequate immobility and to reduce stress and pain. Small rodent anesthesia is challenging for several reasons including the animals’ size, metabolic rate, high risk of hypothermia and difficulty in monitoring. The purpose of this study is to create an overview of the information in the anesthetic practices for small rodents, in particular mice and rats.

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Inhalation Anesthetics

Cited by 109 publications

References 435 publications

Acid-base balance during volatile and total intravenous anaesthesia in dogs

Acid-base balance during volatile and total intravenous anaesthesia in dogs

Effect of Day and Night Desflurane Anaesthesia on Melatonin Levels in Rats

The mouse and the rat in surgical research. The anesthetic approach

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