Inhalation exposure to hazardous substances during powder-bed processes

Walter, Jürgen; Baumgärtel, Anja; Hustedt, Michael; Hebisch, R.; Kaierle, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.procir.2018.08.114

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Additional types of hazards found in the literature include thermal hazards, which may cause burns for workers operating close to overheating devices [35,[37][38][39]42]. Moreover, the use of vacuum pumps and air compressors as machine power suppliers may cause hearing damage [37], while exposure to ionizing radiation and laser sources may cause minor injuries and genetic mutations [35,37,43]. Furthermore, operators employing such technologies are exposed to hazardous chemicals, i.e., ultra-fine powders, monomers, organic compounds, or inert gases.…”

Section: Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, operators employing such technologies are exposed to hazardous chemicals, i.e., ultra-fine powders, monomers, organic compounds, or inert gases. This exposure may cause eye damage [29,35,[37][38][39][40]42], eye fatigue [1,4,6], skin damage, skin sensitization, contact dermatitis [37,[39][40][41], nasal mucosa injuries [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], central nervous system damage [1,[4][5][6], reproductive system damage [43], asthma, allergic rhinitis or other consequences of respiratory and lung damages [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], metal poisoning [1,3,[5][6][7][8], loss of coordination, headache and nausea [38], cardiovascular diseases [1,3,…”

Section: Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the inadequate dimension, weight, and position of the devices can generate ergonomic hazards, which may lead to discomfort for the operators [10,42], long term damages, i.e., to the dominant brachial biceps, general muscle fatigue, mainly in the should area [69], as well as to damages caused by muscular destabilization, i.e., in the area of the middle thoracic spine and the shoulder blade [69]. Moreover, organizational hazards are connected to the prolonged use of the devices, with consequent muscle fatigue [10,43], postural damages, muscle destabilization [69], and technostress [10,42]. In addition, the fact that safety condition monitoring is performed mainly by machines may expose workers to greater risks, reducing the overall surveillance level [10] and, sometimes, even private medical checks [97].…”

Section: Smart Wearablementioning

confidence: 99%

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New and Emerging Hazards for Health and Safety within Digitalized Manufacturing Systems

et al. 2021

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The Fourth Industrial Revolution is radically reshaping the procedures and the manufacturing environments through the digitalization process. The digitalization process can change according to the context and to specific solutions, and it is able to modify manufacturing systems and production areas. All the employees are directly affected by the transformation of the working environment, manufacturing tools, and working conditions and by the increasing need for new competencies. In this context, it is crucial to identify new and emerging hazards concerning the health and safety of the employees to ensure a conscious and safe digital transformation for everyone involved. In this regard, the paper presents the state of the research and defines seven areas of interest for a safe and harmless digital transformation for the employees, drawing attention to the hazards in the different technological areas. The state of the research unveils the absence of detailed analysis to identify specific hazards of 4.0 technologies. Therefore, every specific 4.0 technologies is analyzed by an extensive review to provide a comprehensive matrix of new and emerging hazards for health and safety within digitalized manufacturing systems. The results can help manufacturing organizations to perform robust risk assessments for worker when introducing specific 4.0 technologies.

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Section: Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smart Wearablementioning

confidence: 99%

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New and Emerging Hazards for Health and Safety within Digitalized Manufacturing Systems

et al. 2021

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“…Especially, powder with high content of nickel or cobalt are carcinogenic to our health. All this obliges the company to install special protective measures, as well as a proper protocol for treating the residues [108]. Moreover, despite the latest advances, there is a lack of knowledge and studies related to the toxicity and harmful effects related to the powder particles [109]…”

Section: Study Of the Capabilities Of Hybrid Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Developments in Industrial Hybrid Machine Tools that Combine Additive and Subtractive Operations

et al. 2018

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Hybrid machine tools combining additive and subtractive processes have arisen as a solution to increasing manufacture requirements, boosting the potentials of both technologies, while compensating and minimizing their limitations. Nevertheless, the idea of hybrid machines is relatively new and there is a notable lack of knowledge about the implications arisen from their in-practice use. Therefore, the main goal of the present paper is to fill the existing gap, giving an insight into the current advancements and pending tasks of hybrid machines both from an academic and industrial perspective. To that end, the technical-economical potentials and challenges emerging from their use are identified and critically discussed. In addition, the current situation and future perspectives of hybrid machines from the point of view of process planning, monitoring, and inspection are analyzed. On the one hand, it is found that hybrid machines enable a more efficient use of the resources available, as well as the production of previously unattainable complex parts. On the other hand, it is concluded that there are still some technological challenges derived from the interaction of additive and subtractive processes to be overcome (e.g., process planning, decision planning, use of cutting fluids, and need for a post-processing) before a full implantation of hybrid machines is fulfilled.

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“…Especially powder with high content of nickel or cobalt are carcinogenic to our health. All this obliges the company to install special protective measures, as well as a proper protocol for treating the residues [88]. Moreover, despite the latest advances, there is a lack of knowledge and studies related to the toxicity and harmful effects related to the powder particles [89] 9.…”

Section: Challenges Of Hybrid Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Developments in Industrial Hybrid Machine Tools That Combine Additive and Subtractive Operations

Cortina¹,

Arrizubieta²,

Ruiz³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Hybrid machine tools combining additive and subtractive processes have arisen as a solution to the increasing manufacture requirements, boosting the potentials of both technologies, while compensating and minimizing their limitations. Nevertheless, the idea of hybrid machines is relatively new and there is a notable lack of knowledge in the field. Therefore, in the present paper, an insight into the advancements of hybrid machines is given, identifying their real capabilities, together with the latest developments from an industrial context. In addition, the current situation and future perspectives of hybrid machines from the point of view of process planning, monitoring and inspection are discussed. Finally, the challenges that must be overcome and the opportunities that the hybrid machines will provide in the forthcoming years are presented.

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Inhalation exposure to hazardous substances during powder-bed processes

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

New and Emerging Hazards for Health and Safety within Digitalized Manufacturing Systems

New and Emerging Hazards for Health and Safety within Digitalized Manufacturing Systems

Latest Developments in Industrial Hybrid Machine Tools that Combine Additive and Subtractive Operations

Latest Developments in Industrial Hybrid Machine Tools That Combine Additive and Subtractive Operations

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