These cells express surface membrane receptors, with high affinity and specificity for IgE. The interaction of antigenbound IgE in surface membrane receptors causes the release of histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes and cytokines. 4,5) These cytokines activate chemotaxis and phagocytosis of neutrophils and macrophages. Finally, cytokine-induced reactions cause tissue inflammation. These allergic diseases are now rapidly increasing chronic health problem in most countries.6) Antiallergic agents, such as anti-histamines, steroids and immunosuppressants, have been used against allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma and food allergies, [7][8][9] but improving these diseases is very difficult. Therefore, herbal medicines have been advanced for allergic diseases, and their effectiveness has received increasing attention. 10,11) The fruit of Schizandra chinensis BAILL (SZ, Family Magnoliaceae) has frequently been used as a tonic and astringent agent in traditional Korean, Chinese and Japanese medicines. SZ, which contains lignans, such as schizandrin and gomisin A, as main constituents, has been reported to have many biological properties, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activites. [12][13][14][15] In preliminary experiments, SZ was found to inhibit the mouse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction induced by the antigen-IgE complex. However, the antiallergic effect of these components remains to be thoroughly studied.Therefore, to evaluate the antiallergic activity of SZ, a main constituent, schizandrin, was isolated from the fruit of SZ and its in vivo inhibitory activity against scratching behaviors and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) investigated. (Fig. 1) was isolated from the fruits of SZ, according to the previous reports. 16,17) Animals The male ICR mice (20-25 g) and male Sprague-Dawley rats were supplied by the Orient Experimental Animal Breeding Center (Seoul, Korea). All animals were housed in wire cages at 20-22°C and 50Ϯ10% humidity, fed standard laboratory chow (Orient Experimental Animal Breeding Center, Seoul, Korea) and allowed water ad libitum. All procedures relating to the animals and their care conformed to the international guidelines 'Principles of Laboratory Animals Care' (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1985).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MaterialsMeasurement of PCA Reaction An IgE-dependent cutaneous reaction was measured according to the previous method of Choo et al.18) The male ICR mice were intradermally injected, with 10 mg of anti-DNP IgE, into each of two dorsal skin sites that had been shaved 48 h earlier. The sites were outlined with a water-insoluble red marker. Forty-eight hours later each mouse received an injection of 200 ml of 3% Evans blue in PBS, containing 200 mg of DNP-HAS, via the tail vein. The test agents were orally or intraperitoneally administered 1 h prior to the DNP-HSA injection. Thirty minutes after the DNP-HSA injection, the mice were sacrificed, Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University;1, Hoegi, Korea: and ...