Initial colonization of Long Island, New York by the eastern coyote,&amp;nbsp;Canis latrans (Carnivora, Canidae), including first record of breeding

Nagy, Christopher; Weckel, Mark; Monzón, Javier; Duncan, N.; Rosenthal, Michael R.

doi:10.15560/13.6.901

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additionally, roads and waterways, as well as other barriers, play a large role in limiting dispersal (Oxley et al, 1974;Merriam et al, 1989;Baker and Harris, 2007). For example, coyotes have not established strong breeding populations yet in Long Island mainly because of bridges and rivers that separate the island from the Bronx and Westchester (Nagy et al, 2017). Our results lend support to the hypothesis that islands, even those in close proximity to the continent, can serve as barriers to dispersal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Another consequence of increased human population density is the occurrence of more hunting and culling in habitats once dominated by animals (Cullen et al, 2000). This is especially the case for large mammals that humans perceive as threats, such as coyotes (Nagy et al, 2017). Finally, although not as well-studied, vehicles have a major impact on mammalian diversity, in some years even greater than that of hunting (Forman and Alexander, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Mammalian Diversity in the New York Metropolitan Area

Bradfield

Nagy²,

Weckel

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Urbanization can have profound consequences for mammalian biodiversity and is thought to contribute to patterns of species richness and community composition. Large cities can be particularly challenging environments for mammals because these habitats are often impacted by anthropogenic perturbations, including high human population density, fragmented habitats, and extensive human development. In this study, we investigated mammalian species richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity, and evenness in the most densely populated region in the United States: the New York metropolitan area. Specifically, we deployed camera traps from 2015 to 2019 to investigate six drivers of mammalian diversity across 31 greenspaces: (1) human population density, (2) patch size, (3) habitat type, (4) surrounding land cover, (5) geographical barriers to dispersal, and (6) habitat heterogeneity. We found that mammal community composition is largely influenced by a multitude of anthropogenic factors. Specifically, mammal species richness was higher in greenspaces with larger patch sizes and lower in greenspaces surrounded by more development. Moreover, Shannon–Wiener diversity and evenness were higher in urban natural landscapes than human-altered landscapes. In a subset of data that only included carnivores, we found that carnivore Shannon–Wiener diversity was higher in urban natural habitats and in sites with lower human population densities. Finally, we found that geographical barriers to dispersal contributed to both patterns of mammalian diversity and patterns of carnivore diversity: mammal taxa richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity, and evenness were all significantly higher on the continent (Bronx/Westchester) than on Long Island. These results suggest that preserving urban greenspaces is important for maintaining both mammalian and carnivore biodiversity and that management of mammals in cities should concentrate on maintaining large, connected, natural greenspaces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Mammalian Diversity in the New York Metropolitan Area

Bradfield

Nagy²,

Weckel

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…We also found evidence that coyotes disperse across habitat patches in the metropolitan landscape, at distances comparable to the species’ known dispersal abilities [ 4 , 53 ], as we documented close kinship ties between animals across the region. The urban and island nature of NYC has somewhat delayed colonization of Queens and the rest of Long Island, but the Elmjack pack and other reports [ 20 , 54 ] show that dispersal is proceeding, nonetheless.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coyotes in New York City Carry Variable Genomic Dog Ancestry and Influence Their Interactions with Humans

Caragiulo

Gaughran

Duncan

et al. 2022

Genes

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Coyotes are ubiquitous on the North American landscape as a result of their recent expansion across the continent. They have been documented in the heart of some of the most urbanized cities, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. Here, we explored the genomic composition of 16 coyotes in the New York metropolitan area to investigate genomic demography and admixture for urban-dwelling canids in Queens County, New York. We identified moderate-to-high estimates of relatedness among coyotes living in Queens (r = 0.0–0.5) and adjacent neighborhoods, suggestive of a relatively small population. Although we found low background levels of domestic-dog ancestry across most coyotes in our sample (5%), we identified a male suspected to be a first-generation coyote–dog hybrid with 46% dog ancestry, as well as his two putative backcrossed offspring that carried approximately 25% dog ancestry. The male coyote–dog hybrid and one backcrossed offspring each carried two transposable element insertions that are associated with human-directed hypersociability in dogs and gray wolves. An additional, unrelated coyote with little dog ancestry also carried two of these insertions. These genetic patterns suggest that gene flow from domestic dogs may become an increasingly important consideration as coyotes continue to inhabit metropolitan regions.

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“…We also found evidence that coyotes disperse across habitat patches in the metropolitan landscape, at distances comparable to the species' known dispersal abilities (Harrison 1992, Way 2007), as we documented close kinship ties between animals across the region. The urban and island nature of NYC has somewhat delayed colonization of Queens and the rest of Long Island, but the Elmjack family and other reports (Nagy et al 2017, Henger et al 2020 show that dispersal is proceeding, nonetheless.…”

Section: Discussion (Word Count: 1087)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coyotes in New York city carry variable dog genomic ancestry and influence their interactions with humans

Caragiulo

Gaughran

Duncan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Coyotes are ubiquitous on the North American landscape as a result of their recent expansion across the continent. They have been documented in the heart of some of the most urbanized cities, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. Here, we explored the genomic composition of coyotes in the New York metropolitan area to investigate if genomic demography and admixture differs from expected for urban-dwelling canids. We identified moderate-to-high estimates of relatedness among coyotes living in Queens and adjacent neighborhoods, suggestive of a relatively small population. Although we found low background levels of domestic dog ancestry across most coyotes in our sample, we identified a male suspected to be a first-generation coyote-dog hybrid, as well as his two putative backcrossed offspring that carried approximately 25% dog ancestry. The male coyote-dog hybrid and one backcrossed offspring each carried two mutations that are known to increase human-directed hypersociability in dogs and gray wolves. An additional, unrelated coyote with little dog ancestry also carries two of these mutations. These genetic patterns suggest that gene flow from domestic dogs may become an increasingly important consideration as coyotes continue to inhabit metropolitan regions.

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Initial colonization of Long Island, New York by the eastern coyote, Canis latrans (Carnivora, Canidae), including first record of breeding

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Predictors of Mammalian Diversity in the New York Metropolitan Area

Predictors of Mammalian Diversity in the New York Metropolitan Area

Coyotes in New York City Carry Variable Genomic Dog Ancestry and Influence Their Interactions with Humans

Coyotes in New York city carry variable dog genomic ancestry and influence their interactions with humans

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