Injectivity and quantification of capillary trapping for CO 2 storage: A review of influencing parameters

Abstract

a b s t r a c t CO 2 injection for storage in subsurface geologic medium is one of the techniques developed in the past years to mitigate anthropological CO 2 . Prior to CO 2 injection, it is essential to predict the feasibility of medium in terms of storage capacity, injectivity, trapping mechanisms, and containment. There have been many studies regarding techniques which can be applied to ensure the safety of CO 2 injection. However, there are few studies indicating the importance of capillary trapping during and after CO 2 injection. The aim of this study is to review the fundamentals of injectivity and its relationship with capillary trapping for CO 2 storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Considering the number of effective parameters which are associated with the injectivity and capillary trapping, it is recommended to perform a comprehensive analysis to determine the optimum injection rate and safe storage medium before operation.

Suitability of depleted gas reservoirs for geological CO2 storage: A simulation study

“…Heterogeneity may have impacts on the multiphase flow of CO 2 ‐brine and can be expressed in terms of permeability variation . The storage capacity is linked to heterogeneities and porosity, whereas injectivity is related to petrophysical properties such as permeability . To analyze the effect of permeability, numerical simulation was run by considering the channel permeability of 400 mD by considering reduction factor in the base cases (dry, wet, and condensate).…”

“…28 The storage capacity is linked to heterogeneities and porosity, whereas injectivity is related to petrophysical properties such as permeability. 58 To analyze the effect of permeability, numerical simulation was run by considering the channel permeability of 400 mD by considering reduction factor in the base cases (dry, wet, and condensate). The results obtained, which are shown in Fig.…”

Impact of geochemical and geomechanical changes on CO2 sequestration potential in sandstone and limestone aquifers

“…Geomechanical issues may also rise during and after CO 2 injection due to the pressure buildup, which may induce irreversible geomechanical changes such as vertical uplift, fault reactivations, and fractures generation within the reservoir and caprock . As such, geomechanical alterations in the presence of chemical interactions and pressure buildup must be analyzed very carefully when it comes to CO 2 storage sites …”

“…[6][7][8] As such, geomechanical alterations in the presence of chemical interactions and pressure buildup must be analyzed very carefully when it comes to CO 2 storage sites. 9,10 Many coupled fluid flow and geomechanical studies have been done in the past decade to simulate the vertical ground movement, caprock fracturing, and fault reactivation in aquifers upon CO 2 injection. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] There have also been many numerical 2,19-21 and experimental 22-26 studies addressing the time-dependent geomechanical integrity of sandstone aquifers.…”

Improving Gas Sequestration by Surfactant‐Alternating‐Gas Injection: A Comparative Evaluation of the Surfactant Type and Concentration

“…CO 2 is stored in the geological formations by four main mechanisms: (i) structure and stratigraphic trapping; (ii) residual trapping; (iii) solubility trapping; and (iv) mineral trapping (Broseta, Tonnet, & Shah, 2012). Residual or capillary trapping is one of the most important mechanisms of gas trapping during CO 2 sequestration in subsurface formations (Al-Menhali & Krevor, 2016;Herring, Andersson, & Wildenschild, 2016;Juanes, Spiteri, Orr, & Blunt, 2006;Raza et al, 2015;Suekane, Nobuso, Hirai, & Kiyota, 2008). This trapping occurs when underground water tries to displace injected CO 2 leaving behind a trail of residual CO 2 .…”