Inkjet printed polystyrene sulfuric acid-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) uniform thickness films in confined grooves through decreasing the surface tension of PEDOT inks

Xing, Rubo; Wang, Shumeng; Zhang, Baohua; Yu, Xinge; Ding, Junqiao; Wang, Lixiang; Han, Yanchun

doi:10.1039/c6ra27475g

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For example, in a 200 μm wide channel at 10% RH, a drying front forms approximately 10 s after permanent pinning of the PEDOT ink, as compared with 50 s after permanent pinning of the aqueous PVA solution. This rapid drying front formation may be caused by gelling of the PEDOT:PSS polymer mixture during drying, which can occur at concentrations as low as 0.02 w/w . This greatly reduced open time results in a significantly diminished overall buildup of material at the contact line by the coffee-ring effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Coatings: Flow and Drying Dynamics in Open Microchannels

et al. 2018

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Capillary flow and drying of polymer solutions in open microchannels are explored over time scales spanning seven orders of magnitude: from capillary filling (10-10 s) to the formation of a dry thin film (a "capillary coating"; 10-10 s). During capillary filling, drying-induced changes (increased solids content and viscosity) generate microscale pinning events that impede contact line motion. Three unique types of pinning are identified and characterized, each defined by the specific location(s) along the contact line at which pinning is induced. Drying is shown to ultimately pin the contact line permanently, and the associated total flow distances and times are revealed to be strong functions of channel width and drying rate. In general, lower drying rates coupled with intermediate channel widths are found to be most conducive to longer flow distances and times. After the advancing contact line permanently pins, internal flows driven by uneven evaporation rates continue to drive polymer to the contact line. This phenomenon promotes a local accumulation of solids and persists until all motion is arrested by drying. The effects of channel width and drying rate are investigated at each stage of this capillary coating process. These results are then applied to case studies of two functional inks commonly used in printed electronics fabrication: a PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)) ink and a graphene ink. Although drying is shown to permanently arrest flow in both inks, both systems exhibit an increased resistance to pinning unexplained by mechanisms identified in aqueous polymer systems. Instead, arguments based on chemistry, particle size, and rheology are used to explain their novel behavior. These case studies provide insight into how functional inks can be better designed to optimize flow distances and maximize overall dry film uniformity in capillary coatings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Coatings: Flow and Drying Dynamics in Open Microchannels

et al. 2018

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“…Post-treatment of PEDOT:PSS with acids leads to protonation and removal of PSS, resulting into conformational changes and enhanced π−π stacking. [139][140][141][142] A hydrogel obtained by mixing PEDOT:PSS with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), which induced the separation of PEDOT and PSS, as well as the gelation of PEDOT micelles, showed a conductivity of ≈0.1 S cm −1 , and a Young's modulus of ≈1 kPa. [143] Healing of both electrical and mechanical properties was achieved upon reformation of dynamic hydrogen bonds when two separated hydrogels parts were reconnected (Figure 5a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Self‐Healable Conducting Polymers

Zhou

Sarkar

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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Materials able to regenerate after damage have been the object of investigation since the ancient times. For instance, self‐healing concretes, able to resist earthquakes, aging, weather, and seawater have been known since the times of ancient Rome and are still the object of research. During the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in self‐healing electronic materials, for applications in electronic skin (E‐skin) for health monitoring, wearable and stretchable sensors, actuators, transistors, energy harvesting, and storage devices. Self‐healing materials based on conducting polymers are particularly attractive due to their tunable high conductivity, good stability, intrinsic flexibility, excellent processability and biocompatibility. Here recent developments are reviewed in the field of self‐healing electronic materials based on conducting polymers, such as poly 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT), polypyrrole (PPy), and polyaniline (PANI). The different types of healing, the strategies adopted to optimize electrical and mechanical properties, and the various possible healing mechanisms are introduced. Finally, the main challenges and perspectives in the field are discussed.

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“…Inkjet printing Photonic crystal latexes such as silica [102], polystyrene [103], and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [104], and responsive functional monomers [105][106][107][108][109] Combination of colloidal emulsion and self-assembly technology By controlling the self-assembly conditions (substrate wettability [110,111], substrate temperature [112], colloidal particle size [113], paper surface [114]), photonic crystal structure can be prepared simply, quickly, and at low cost Angle-independent photonic crystal Inorganic nanoparticles Silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) [115], titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [116], copper oxide (CuO) [117], organic nanoparticles (polystyrene [118], polydopamine [119])…”

Section: Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting

Liu¹,

Xie²,

Shen³

et al. 2019

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Colour patterns based on micro-nano structure have attracted enormous research interests due to unique optical switches and smart surface applications in photonic crystal, superhydrophobic surface modification, controlled adhesion, inkjet printing, biological detection, supramolecular self-assembly, anti-counterfeiting, optical device and other fields. In traditional methods, many patterns of micro-nano structure are derived from changes of refractive index or lattice parameters. Generally, the refractive index and lattice parameters of photonic crystals are processed by common solvents, salts or reactive monomers under specific electric, magnetic and stress conditions. This review focuses on the recent developments in the fabrication of micro-nano structures for patterns including styles, materials, methods and characteristics. It summarized the advantages and disadvantages of inkjet printing, angle-independent photonic crystal, self-assembled photonic crystals by magnetic field force, gravity, electric field, inverse opal photonic crystal, electron beam etching, ion beam etching, laser holographic lithography, imprinting technology and surface wrinkle technology, etc. This review will provide a summary on designing micro-nano patterns and details on patterns composed of photonic crystals by surface wrinkles technology and plasmonic micro-nano technology. In addition, colour patterns as switches are fabricated with good stability and reproducibility in anti-counterfeiting application. Finally, there will be a conclusion and an outlook on future perspectives.

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Inkjet printed polystyrene sulfuric acid-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) uniform thickness films in confined grooves through decreasing the surface tension of PEDOT inks

Abstract: Films with improved thickness uniformity can be inkjet printed as a result of low surface tension modification of inks.

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Capillary Coatings: Flow and Drying Dynamics in Open Microchannels

Capillary Coatings: Flow and Drying Dynamics in Open Microchannels

Recent Progress on Self‐Healable Conducting Polymers

Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting

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