Innate Immunity to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Crevel, Reinout van; Ottenhoff, Tom H. M.; Meer, J.W.M. van der

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0059-9_20

Cited by 135 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These observations are concordant with current concepts of human anti-mycobacterial immune responses. TNF-α, produced by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), plays a critical role in T cell/APC interactions by aiding granuloma formation and stimulating Mtb-specific T cells to produce interferon-γ 22. Interferon-γ stimulates TNF-α production in APCs, thereby closing the feedback loop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticosteroids and infliximab impair the performance of interferon-γ release assays used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis

Edwards

Gao

Allan

et al. 2017

Thorax

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The impact of immunosuppression on interferon-gamma release assays and novel cytokine biomarkers of TB infection, mycobacteria-specific IL-2, IP-10 and TNF-α responses, was investigated in an ex vivo model. Cytokine responses in standard QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube (QFT-GIT) assays were compared with duplicate assays containing dexamethasone or infliximab. Dexamethasone converted QFT-GIT results from positive to negative in 30% of participants. Antigen-stimulated interferon-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α responses were markedly reduced, but IP-10 responses were preserved. Infliximab caused QFT-GIT result conversion in up to 30% of participants, and substantial reductions in all cytokine responses. Therefore, corticosteroids and anti-TNF-α agents significantly impair IGRA performance. IP-10 may be a more robust TB biomarker than interferon-γ in patients receiving corticosteroids.4

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticosteroids and infliximab impair the performance of interferon-γ release assays used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis

Edwards

Gao

Allan

et al. 2017

Thorax

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“…11 The disease may occur in any part of the body, but most commonly it is a pulmonary infection. Manifestations of infection range from only a mild infiltration to disease that can be severely destructive, the balance between host defence and bacteria determining the outcome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coeliac disease and risk of tuberculosis: a population based cohort study

Ludvigsson

Wahlström

Grünewald

et al. 2007

Thorax

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Background: Coeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease often characterised by malnutrition and linked to a number of complications such as an increased risk of lymphoma, adverse pregnancy outcome, and other autoimmune diseases. Tuberculosis (TB) affects a large proportion of the world population and is more common in individuals with malnutrition. We investigated the risk of TB in 14 335 individuals with CD and 69 888 matched reference individuals in a general population based cohort study. Methods: Cox proportional hazards method was used to calculate the risk of subsequent TB in individuals with CD. In a separate analysis, the risk of CD in individuals with prior TB was calculated using conditional logistic regression. Results: CD was associated with an increased risk of subsequent TB (hazard ratio (HR) 3.74, 95% CI 2.14 to 6.53; p,0.001). Similar risk estimates were seen when the population was stratified for sex and age at CD diagnosis. Individuals with CD were also at increased risk of TB diagnosed in departments of pulmonary medicine, infectious diseases, paediatrics, or thoracic medicine (HR 4.76, 95% CI 2.23 to 10.16; p,0.001). The odds ratio for CD in individuals with prior TB was 2.50 (95% CI 1.75 to 3.55; p,0.001). Conclusions: CD is associated with TB. This may be due to malabsorption and lack of vitamin D in persons with CD. Individuals with TB and gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated for CD.

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“…Macrophages then present mycobacterial antigens on their surface to the T cell. [22] This initial immune process continues for 2 to 12 weeks; the microorganisms continue to grow until they reach sufficient numbers to fully elicit the cellmediated immune response, which can be detected by a skin test. [22,23] For persons with intact cell mediated immunity, the next defensive step is formation of granulomas around the M. TB organisms.…”

Section: Cytomorphological Spectrum In Lymph Node Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] This initial immune process continues for 2 to 12 weeks; the microorganisms continue to grow until they reach sufficient numbers to fully elicit the cellmediated immune response, which can be detected by a skin test. [22,23] For persons with intact cell mediated immunity, the next defensive step is formation of granulomas around the M. TB organisms. [24] These nodular-type lesions form from an accumulation of activated T lymphocytes and macrophages, which creates a microenvironment that limits the replication and spread of the mycobacteria.…”

Section: Cytomorphological Spectrum In Lymph Node Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After being ingested by macrophages, the Mycobacteria continue to multiply slowly, with bacteria cell division occurring every 25 to 32 h. [21] Regardless of whether the infection becomes controlled or progresses, the initial development involves production of proteolytic enzymes and cytokines by macrophages in an attempt to degrade the bacteria. [22] Released cytokines attract T lymphocytes to the site, the cells that constitute cell-mediated immunity. Macrophages then present mycobacterial antigens on their surface to the T cell.…”

Section: Cytomorphological Spectrum In Lymph Node Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns in lymph node tuberculosis and their correlation with bacterial density

Afrose

Singh

Bhatia

et al. 2014

Ann Trop Med Public Health

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Background:The diagnosis of extrapulmonary lymph node tuberculosis (TB) is made by the demonstration of different cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns on ine needle aspirations (FNA) smears; however, de initive diagnosis is made by demonstration of AFB by culture or Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stained smears. This procedure is technically demanding and time consuming, and is liable to fail on occasion for unexplained reasons. If the identi ication of cytomorphological patterns could predict bacterial density, it would help to improve diagnostic accuracy and also serve as a control on the acid-fast staining procedure. Therefore this study was being undertaken to determine the correlation between bacterial density and cytomorphological patterns in lymph node TB. Materials and Methods: FNA was performed on 505 clinically-suspected lymph node TB patients. May Grunwald Giemsa stained smears were used to analyze cytomorphological patterns and ZN stained smears for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) detection. Bacterial density (BI) was calculated by utilizing Ridley's logarithmic scale. Results: Seven distinct cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns were observed. Pattern 1 was predominantly an exudative response, comprising of neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes and was the most common tissue reaction pattern, seen in 160 out of 505 patients (31.6%). Pattern 4, epithelioid cell granulomas with necrosis, was the second most common and seen in patients (29.3%). This study showed that multibacillary lesion (BI>1) was more often associated with pattern 1. Although the BI varied signi icantly across different cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns (P value = 0.004), no speci ic trend was observed as both paucibacillary as well as multibacillary lesions were noticed with different proportions among all tissue reaction patterns. Conclusion: The present study showed that multibacillary disease is more frequently associated with pattern 1 compared to pattern 4. However, more studies are needed to establish a trend among different cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns.

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Innate Immunity to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Cited by 135 publications

References 34 publications

Corticosteroids and infliximab impair the performance of interferon-γ release assays used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis

Corticosteroids and infliximab impair the performance of interferon-γ release assays used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis

Coeliac disease and risk of tuberculosis: a population based cohort study

Cytomorphological tissue reaction patterns in lymph node tuberculosis and their correlation with bacterial density

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