Innate lymphoid cells and cytokines of the novel subtypes of helper T cells in asthma

Abstract

BackgroundIn this study, the expression of interleukin-9 (IL-9), IL-17, IL-22, and IL-25 genes that might be the potential predisposing factors for asthma as well as count of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) as another source of inflammatory cytokines have been evaluated.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of newly identified helper T cells signature cytokines and amount of ILCs.MethodsBlood and sputum samples from 23 patients with moderate to severe asthma and 23 healthy volunteers were collected. The types of allergens to which our patients were sensitive were defined using immunoblotting method. Gene expression of studied cytokines was evaluated using quantitative transcription-polymerase chain reaction and ILCs were counted by the flow cytometry method.ResultsIn this research, the gene expressions of IL-9, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-25 were significantly higher in asthmatics, especially in the severe form of the disease. This increase was even higher in serum samples compared with sputum samples. Counting ILCs revealed their increase in comparison with normal people.ConclusionWe showed the importance of IL-25, IL-22, IL-17, and IL-9 cytokines in patients with asthma as their expression levels are increased and these increase are correlated with the severity of the disease. We also showed that the increased amount of ILCs in asthmatics could confirm their potential role in the immunopathogenesis of asthma as another source of inflammatory cytokines.

miR-146a Mimics Attenuate Allergic Airway Inflammation by Impacted Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Mouse Model

“…Previous studies have found that ILC2s respond to the alarming cytokines IL-25 or IL-33 by producing large amounts of IL-5 and IL-13, which are instrumental for allergic responses in the lung [13]. Thus, we examined the ILC2 compartment, defined by expression of ICOS in the absence of classical lineage markers (ICOS + Lineage – ).…”

“…Two transcription factors, RORα and GATA3, which are stimulated by IL-7, are required for the development of ILC2s [12]. Upon stimulation with Th2 polarizing cytokines such as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), mature ILC2s start to produce Th2 cell type cytokines that participate in the progression of allergic asthma [13]. …”

Characteristics of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and their role in immunological disorders (an update)

“…In one study, we have been found human LinÀ/CD127+/CD161+ ILCs counts were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of the asthmatic patients compared with the healthy individuals. Moreover, we identified a significant elevation of the expression of IL-9, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-25 cytokines in serum and sputum samples of the asthmatic patients compared with normal individuals [100]. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the elevation of IL-9, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-25 potentially related to severity of asthmatic symptoms.…”

“…Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the elevation of IL-9, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-25 potentially related to severity of asthmatic symptoms. Furthermore, it was clarified that simultaneous increase in ILCs and eosinophils counts as well as inflammatory cytokines in asthmatic patients may describe the cooperation between ILCs, eosinophils and Th cells in initiation and remaining of allergic responses [100]. In addition, Mjösberg et al have indicated TSLP induces human ILC2 to upregulate directly GATA3 via STAT5 which leading to the secretion of high amounts of type 2 cytokines such as IL-5 and IL-13 [28].…”

In the memory of Professor Felicidad Cua-Lim

“…Sherkat et al [3] suggest innate lymphoid cells and cytokines of the novel subtypes of helper T cells in asthma. Upper airway diseases may affect the course of asthma.…”