Innovative Solutions for Ensuring Energy Security of Ukraine and the World

Abstract

The article examines the preconditions for the aggravation of the energy danger for Ukraine and the world as a whole, in particular in the context of the strengthening of the economic crisis and war in Ukraine. The issue of compliance by energy organizations with the International Climate Paris Agreement and the achievement of the Global Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 were studied. The component indicators of the global index of energy innovations were analyzed. The main global energy indicators and their results in 2021 compared to 2020 were monitored. The paper also estimates domestic electricity consumption in the world by country in 2021, as well as trends in the growth of global energy consumption in general and by continent in 2021 compared to 2020. The result of such trends was that the consequences of sanitary measures and the economic crisis of 2020 was felt mainly in the sphere of services, transport and carbon-intensive electricity production. The authors considered the key changes in the field of energy in the world in 2021 compared to 2020 and the dynamics of CO2 emissions related to energy in the G20 countries in recent years and based on this justified the forecast of European gas prices and the price of Brent oil to 2026 year. The main characteristics of countries with a high index of global energy innovation were considered. It was found that, for example, the Norwegian government had developed a strategy for carbon capture and storage (CCS), which aimed to identify measures to promote technology development and reduce the costs of CCS. It was found that the main goal of the EU regarding the share of renewable energy sources is 32% of the final energy consumption by 2030. This target was not distributed among the Member States, but the share of renewable energy sources in the Member States should be at least the same as in 2020. In the article, the authors examined the stages of state regulation of the innovation policy of the energy sector of Ukraine and substantiated the place of the energy sector in the national innovation policy of Ukraine. Formation of innovation policy in the energy sector of Ukraine requires definition of the concept and strategic plans of its innovative development. In particular, it was found that one of these priority areas should be renewable energy (wind, solar, etc.). The result of the authors’ scientific research is that the innovative system of the energy sector is a fairly developed network intellectual structure that connects research and design organizations belonging to different sectors of the economy. Using the potential of the positive influence of a number of important global factors should be the basis of the transformation of innovative management of energy industry organizations in Ukraine.