Innovative technologies in brick masonry restoration of architectural monuments

Abstract

Abstract. The facade walls of ancient Russian landmark buildings built of brick or natural stone, are generally flat, have a complex relief created in order to obtain an effect of light and shade in side lighting. In the restoration, reconstruction, as well as new construction in retro style, this relief should be reproduced. The report describes the "flat" relief of the 19th century's landmark building -the church in the Abramtsevo estate near Moscow. The surface was scanned with Trimble S6 electronic tacheometer with subsequent processing by 3D Reshaper Survey Bundle program and mathematical description of digital data using the theory of random functions. It was established that the wall surface can be modeled by a nonstationary random function with two harmonics. To realize a model in the masonry of the restored or reconstructed wall, the basic technology was proposed, which embraced techniques of researching, designing and reproducing the surface of an uneven facade wall.

Reconstruction and restoration of monuments of white stone architecture on the example of the church of the Image of Edessa in Abramtsevo

“…As an object of research, we chose the experience of the Abramtsevo Art Circle [6] on the reconstruction of white stone architecture with elements of white stone carving in the form of decorative decoration of the Church of the Image of Edessa (figure 1) [1][2][3][4][5]. A small, lightweight, almost toy Church of the Saviour Not Made by Hands in Abramtsevo is located in a lighted clearing near the dacha of the artist Polenov V. D. When recreating the style of white stone architecture, members of the Abramtsevo Art circle took into account and artistically interpreted the architectural, aesthetic and environmental features of the Vladimir-Suzdal school and other architectural regional schools of Ancient Russia [6].…”

“…In 2015-2017, a research group of aspirant's under the leadership of Professor Chernyshev S.N. conducted separate studies of the facade of the Abramtsevo Church of the Image of Edessa in Abramtsevo in order to identify patterns of distribution of inhomogeneities of the surface of the walls of architectural monuments (figure 7) [3][4][5]. The architectural measurement with the relief survey was carried out, among other things, with the Trimble S6 electronic tachometer (with a measurement accuracy of ±1 mm, with a step of scanning points-up to 1 cm), the scanogram was processed using the 3D Reshaper Survey Bundle program for geodetic data (figure 9).…”

“…9. Graph of deviations from the plane of the wall of the Church of the Image of Edessa in Abramtsevo [4][5] As a result of the study, it was suggested that the irregularities of the wall created by V. M. Vasnetsov according to the type of the Church of the Savior on Nereditsa at the named ratio of the lengths of vertical and horizontal waves serve the perception of the temple as higher (figure 10). Thus, we can say that the reproduction of wall irregularities is one of the typical tasks in the reconstruction and restoration of monuments of ancient Russian architecture.Also, the implementation of irregularities can be used in modern construction in order to break the monotony of perception of extended wall panels.…”

“…The secrets of the technology are considered by the authors on the example of studying the experience of the Abramtsevo Art Circle on recreating white stone architecture with elements of white stone carving in the construction and decoration of the Church of the Image of Edessa in the Abramtsevo estate. [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Practical Application of the Similarity Law of Structures in the Reconstruction of the Surface Layer of Bricks

“…Restoration of the masonry surface is performed in order to restore its surface integrity and solidity [4,5]. At the same time, it is important to note that one of the main principles of choosing restoration building materials is not only to ensure the required performance characteristics, but also to form the architectural image of a cultural heritage object [6,7]. One of the key operations is to replace the loss of the surface layer of bricks.…”